ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2013
A peptide antagonist of CD28 signaling attenuates toxic shock and necrotizing soft-tissue infection induced by Streptococcus pyogenes.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antimicrobial resistance crisis: could artificial intelligence be the solution?Military Medical Research · 2024Pooled it
- CD28 and ICOS in immune regulation: Structural insights and therapeutic targeting.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters · 2025Review
- Review
- Subduing the Inflammatory Cytokine Storm.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Targeting staphylococcal enterotoxin B binding to CD28 as a new strategy for dampening superantigen-mediated intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunctions.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The homodimer interfaces of costimulatory receptors B7 and CD28 control their engagement and pro-inflammatory signaling.Journal of biomedical science · 2023Article
- Fighting antibiotic resistance-strategies and (pre)clinical developments to find new antibacterials.EMBO reports · 2023Review
- Superantigens, a Paradox of the Immune Response.Toxins · 2022Review
- A host-directed macrocyclic peptide therapeutic for MDR gram negative bacterial infections.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Binding of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) to B7 Receptors Triggers TCR- and CD28-Mediated Inflammatory Signals in the Absence of MHC Class II Molecules.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- CD28 Agonism Improves Survival in Immunologically Experienced Septic Mice via IL-10 Released by Foxp3Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- Staging and Personalized Intervention for Infection and Sepsis.Surgical infections · 2020Review
- Host Defense Peptides as Templates for Antifungal Drug Development.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Acute Kidney Injury: From Diagnosis to Prevention and Treatment Strategies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Article
- Staphylococcal and Streptococcal Superantigens Trigger B7/CD28 Costimulatory Receptor Engagement to Hyperinduce Inflammatory Cytokines.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Review
- Bacterial superantigen toxins induce a lethal cytokine storm by enhancing B7-2/CD28 costimulatory receptor engagement, a critical immune checkpoint.Receptors & clinical investigation · 2017Article
- Superantigens hyperinduce inflammatory cytokines by enhancing the B7-2/CD28 costimulatory receptor interaction.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus and group A Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) express superantigen (SAg) exotoxin proteins capable of inducing lethal shock. To induce toxicity, SAgs must bind not only to the major histocompatibility complex II molecule of antigen-presenting cells and the variable β chain of the T-cell receptor but also to the dimer interface of the T-cell costimulatory receptor CD28. Here, we show that the CD28-mimetic peptide AB103 (originally designated "p2TA") protects mice from lethal challenge with streptococcal exotoxin A, as well as from lethal GAS bacterial infection in a murine model of necrotizing soft-tissue infection. Administration of a single dose of AB103 increased survival when given up to 5 hours after infection, reduced inflammatory cytokine expression and bacterial burden at the site of infection, and improved muscle inflammation in a dose-dependent manner, without compromising cellular and humoral immunity. Thus, AB103 merits further investigation as a potential therapeutic in SAg-mediated necrotizing soft-tissue infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.