ReviewBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2014
Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation: pharmacological principles and clinical practice.
Review in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug delivery strategies for the treatment of relapse behavior in substance use disorder- A systematic review.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Pooled it
- DLPFC rTMS is more effective than sham or orbitofrontal stimulation for smoking cessation and alters frontal brain activity: A double-blind, sham-controlled randomized clinical trial.Journal of psychiatric research · 2026Trial
- Acute effects of outdoor and indoor walking on cigarette cravings, withdrawal symptoms and affective response during temporary smoking abstinence.Psychopharmacology · 2024Trial
- Bupropion increases activation in nucleus accumbens during anticipation of monetary reward.Psychopharmacology · 2019Trial
- Lack of effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on short-term smoking cessation: Results of a randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Trial
- Nicotine effects on associative learning in human non-smokers.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Trial
- Lack of effects of simvastatin on smoking cessation in humans: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study.Scientific reports · 2018Trial
- Mecamylamine treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized controlled trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2018Trial
- Pharmacological intervention and abstinence in smokers undergoing cessation treatment: A psychophysiological study.International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology · 2018Trial
- Chiral Plasma Pharmacokinetics and Urinary Excretion of Bupropion and Metabolites in Healthy Volunteers.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2016Trial
- Clinical and preclinical evidence of sex differences in nicotine-induced enhancement of alcohol self-administration.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Narrative Review of Novel Nicotine-Delivery Systems and Emerging Pharmaceuticals for Tobacco Cessation.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Exercise-based interventions for smoking cessation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of sport and health science · 2026Review
- Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for smoking cessation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Review
- Effect of cognitive behavior therapy on abstinence among healthy smokers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Osong public health and research perspectives · 2025Article
- Cytisine compared to combination nicotine replacement therapy to reduce cigarette consumption in relapsed smokers: protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2025Article
- Adherence to a digital therapeutic mediates the relationship between momentary self-regulation and health risk behaviors.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Article
- Fluorocitrate inhibition of astrocytes reduces nicotine self-administration and alters extracellular levels of glutamate and dopamine within the nucleus accumbens in male wistar rats.Neuropharmacology · 2024Article
- Determination of bupropion by off-line coupling FeAnalytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2023Article
- L-theanine attenuates nicotine reward and withdrawal signs in mice.Neuroscience letters · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Strategies for assisting smoking cessation include behavioural counselling to enhance motivation and to support attempts to quit and pharmacological intervention to reduce nicotine reinforcement and withdrawal from nicotine. Three drugs are currently used as first line pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation, nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion and varenicline. Compared with placebo, the drug effect varies from 2.27 (95% CI 2.02, 2.55) for varenicline, 1.69 (95% CI 1.53, 1.85) for bupropion and 1.60 (95% CI 1.53, 1.68) for any form of nicotine replacement therapy. Despite some controversy regarding the safety of bupropion and varenicline, regulatory agencies consider these drugs as having a favourable benefit/risk profile. However, given the high rate of psychiatric comorbidity in dependent smokers, practitioners should closely monitor patients for neuropsychiatric symptoms. Second-line pharmacotherapies include nortriptyline and clonidine. This review also offers an overview of pipeline developments and issues related to smoking cessation in special populations such as persons with psychiatric comorbidity and pregnant and adolescent smokers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.