ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013
Activation of the sympathetic nervous system mediates hypophagic and anxiety-like effects of CB₁ receptor blockade.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07196098 (Effect of Slow Tempo Music on Anxiety Markers During Intravitreal Injection), which is not on this map. Cited by 64 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Slow Tempo Music on Anxiety Markers During Intravitreal Injection: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Neurochemical Orchestra of the Runner's High: A Narrative Review of Neuromodulatory Mechanisms with a Focus on Endocannabinoids.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2026Review
- Genetic Tools in Rodents to Study Cannabinoid Functions.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2026Review
- Circuit mechanisms governing endocannabinoid modulation of affective behaviour and stress adaptation.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2025Review
- Targeting microglial NAAA-regulated PEA signaling counters inflammatory damage and symptom progression of post-stroke anxiety.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- The Effect of Reciting the Quran on the Anxiety of Neurosurgery Muslim Candidates.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Role of the Endocannabinoid System in Fibromyalgia.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- The endocannabinoid system and ophthalmic pathologies: a review of molecular mechanisms and its implications for clinical practice.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- The endocannabinoid system is involved in the anxiety-like behavior induced by dual-frequency 2.65/0.8 GHz electromagnetic radiation in mice.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Sex-dimorphism in human serum endocannabinoid and n-acyl ethanolamine concentrations across the lifespan.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Rational Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Fluorescent CBPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Role of the Endocannabinoid System in Binge Eating Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Association of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol concentrations with clinical features and body mass index in eating disorders and obesity.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2023Article
- The Endocannabinoid System and Physical Exercise.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Deletion from Catecholaminergic Neurons Protects from Diet-Induced Obesity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Visual-area-specific tonic modulation of GABA release by endocannabinoids sets the activity and coordination of neocortical principal neurons.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Metabolic Messengers: endocannabinoids.Nature metabolism · 2022Review
- Identification of an endocannabinoid gut-brain vagal mechanism controlling food reward and energy homeostasis.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Article
- Microglial Cannabinoid Type 1 Receptor Regulates Brain Inflammation in a Sex-Specific Manner.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2021Article
- Hypothalamic endocannabinoids in obesity: an old story with new challenges.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- Endogenous cannabinoids are required for MC4R-mediated control of energy homeostasis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Complex interactions between periphery and the brain regulate food intake in mammals. Cannabinoid type-1 (CB1) receptor antagonists are potent hypophagic agents, but the sites where this acute action is exerted and the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. To dissect the mechanisms underlying the hypophagic effect of CB1 receptor blockade, we combined the acute injection of the CB1 receptor antagonist rimonabant with the use of conditional CB1-knockout mice, as well as with pharmacological modulation of different central and peripheral circuits. Fasting/refeeding experiments revealed that CB1 receptor signaling in many specific brain neurons is dispensable for the acute hypophagic effects of rimonabant. CB1 receptor antagonist-induced hypophagia was fully abolished by peripheral blockade of β-adrenergic transmission, suggesting that this effect is mediated by increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Consistently, we found that rimonabant increases gastrointestinal metabolism via increased peripheral β-adrenergic receptor signaling in peripheral organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. Blockade of both visceral afferents and glutamatergic transmission in the nucleus tractus solitarii abolished rimonabant-induced hypophagia. Importantly, these mechanisms were specifically triggered by lipid-deprivation, revealing a nutrient-specific component acutely regulated by CB1 receptor blockade. Finally, peripheral blockade of sympathetic neurotransmission also blunted central effects of CB1 receptor blockade, such as fear responses and anxiety-like behaviors. These data demonstrate that, independently of their site of origin, important effects of CB1 receptor blockade are expressed via activation of peripheral sympathetic activity. Thus, CB1 receptors modulate bidirectional circuits between the periphery and the brain to regulate feeding and other behaviors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.