Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23487591›Full record

ArticleMolecular vision2012

A gene expression profile of the developing human retinal pigment epithelium.

Zhongyu Zhang, Yan Zhang, Huizhen Xiao, Xiaolei Liang, Dawei Sun, Shaomin Peng

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular vision, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. Differential Gene Expression in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2014
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Zhongyu ZhangDepartment of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Yan Zhang
Huizhen Xiao
Xiaolei Liang
Dawei Sun
Shaomin Peng
Harbin Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe molecular mechanisms associated with human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) development constitute the basis for cell replacement therapy for the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases. In the current study, gene expression analysis of the human fetal RPE during development was performed and was compared with the human native RPE.

methodsMicrodissection of the human RPE at three time points (13 weeks and 16 weeks of gestation and in mature adult eyes) was performed, and total RNA was isolated. Equal amounts of RNA were pooled from two or three independent donor eyes for each time point in each group. Gene expression was analyzed by hybridization to microarray chips. Validation was accomplished by comparing the microarray expression profiles with quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT(2)-PCR) analysis of selected genes and by comparing selected expression profiles with predicted profiles based on previous studies.

resultsOf the 45,033 probe sets on the microarray, 30,736 were detected. A total of 3,498 differentially expressed genes could be clustered into eight patterns of expression that were statistically significant. Analysis of the expression patterns of genes coding for key functions (pigment synthesis, visual cycle, phagocytosis, adherens and tight junctions, and transcellular transport) indicated that the human RPE achieves a high degree of maturity during early pregnancy. Compared with 154 signature genes in the RPE, 148 candidate genes were identified in this study, including 53 downregulated genes and 5 upregulated genes. The qRT(2)-PCR results showed similar expression trends to those obtained by microarray analysis at the three time points.

conclusionsThis study demonstrated gene expression profiles in the human RPE during normal development. These findings indicate that the human RPE has different expression patterns than those of other animals. The results of this study may be helpful in furthering the understanding of the developmental processes occurring in humans and of the differentiation of RPE cells derived from human embryonic stem cells and from human induced pluripotent stem cells.

Indexed as

Gene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalMultigene FamilyAdultAnimalsCell DifferentiationFemaleFetal DevelopmentFetusGene Expression ProfilingGestational AgeHumansMiddle AgedOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisPregnancyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionRetinal Pigment Epithelium

Identifiers

PMID23487591
PMCPMC3594943
OpenAlexW2139548676

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.