ArticleGenes & cancer2012
Overexpression of CD99 Increases the Migration and Invasiveness of Human Malignant Glioma Cells.
Article in Genes & cancer, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of protein biomarkers of invasive behavior in glioblastoma.Molecular neurobiology · 2014Pooled it
- Gene expression profile association with poor prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer patients.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- CD99: A Key Regulator in Immune Response and Tumor Microenvironment.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Article
- Enhanced T cell activation and cytotoxicity against AML via targeted anti-CD99 nanoparticle treatment.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2024Article
- Spatial characterization and stratification of colorectal adenomas by deep visual proteomics.iScience · 2024Article
- Expression of molecular markers and synergistic anticancer effects of chemotherapy with antimicrobial peptides on glioblastoma cells.Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology · 2024Article
- Article
- A combined immunopeptidomics, proteomics, and cell surface proteomics approach to identify immunotherapy targets for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Tracking the Molecular Scenarios for Tumorigenic Remodeling of Extracellular Matrix Based on Gene Expression Profiling in Equine Skin Neoplasia Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- PLOD2 Is a Prognostic Marker in Glioblastoma That Modulates the Immune Microenvironment and Tumor Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Tumour cell CD99 regulates transendothelial migration via CDC42 and actin remodelling.Journal of cell science · 2021Article
- Plasticity of cancer cell invasion: Patterns and mechanisms.Translational oncology · 2021Review
- Anti-CD99 scFv-ELP nanoworms for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine · 2020Article
- PGRMC1 phosphorylation affects cell shape, motility, glycolysis, mitochondrial form and function, and tumor growth.BMC molecular and cell biology · 2020Article
- Clinical and preclinical characterization of CD99 isoforms in acute myeloid leukemia.Haematologica · 2020Article
- Extracellular vesicles originating from glioblastoma cells increase metalloproteinase release by astrocytes: the role of CD147 (EMMPRIN) and ionizing radiation.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2020Article
- Dissecting the Invasion-Associated Long Non-coding RNAs Using Single-Cell RNA-Seq Data of Glioblastoma.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Article
- Article
- CD99 Expression in Glioblastoma Molecular Subtypes and Role in Migration and Invasion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The malignant glioma is the most common primary human brain tumor, and its migration and invasiveness away from the primary tumor mass are considered a leading cause of tumor recurrence and treatment failure. Recently, gene expression profiling revealed that the transmembrane glycoprotein CD99 is more highly expressed in malignant glioma than in normal brain. Although its function is not completely understood, CD99 is implicated in cell adhesion and migration in a variety of different cell types. CD99 has wild-type and splice variant isoforms. Previous studies have shown that wild-type CD99 may be an oncosuppressor in some tumors, distinct from the role of the splice variant isoform. In this study, our data reveal that only wild-type CD99 is expressed in human glioma cells and tissues. Using a tissue microarray, we validated that gliomas demonstrate higher expression of CD99 compared with nonneoplastic brain. To assess the role of CD99 in glioma migration and invasion, we inhibited CD99 expression by siRNA and demonstrated decreased glioma migration and invasion. In contrast, when CD99 was overexpressed in glioma cells, we observed enhancement of cell migration and invasiveness. An orthotopic brain tumor model demonstrates that CD99 overexpression significantly increases invasiveness and decreases survival rate. Interestingly, Rac activity was decreased and Rho activity was increased in CD99 overexpressing glioma cells, and the proportion of amoeboid cells to mesenchymal cells was significantly increased. Taken together, our findings suggest that CD99 may play an important role in the migration and invasion of human gliomas independent of Akt, ERK, or JNK signaling pathways. Moreover, CD99 might be involved in amoeboid-mesenchymal transition in glioma migration. CD99 may be an important future target to inhibit migration and invasion, especially in CD99-expressing gliomas.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.