ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2013
Circulating biomarkers of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in children.
Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gaps in Study Design for Immune Parameter Research for Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Systematic Review.Journal of immunology research · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Is Associated With Tuberculosis Disease and Declines With Anti-TB Treatment in HIV-Infected Children.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Trial
- Analysis of immune cytokines and cell surface markers in FFPE biopsy samples from patients with suspected endometrial and lymph Node Tuberculosis.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinases Signature as Biomarkers for Pediatric Tuberculosis Diagnosis: A Prospective Case-Control Study.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The importance of inflammatory biomarkers in detecting and managing latent tuberculosis infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Plasma ferritin, C-reactive protein, and adenosine deaminase levels in tuberculous lymphadenitis and pleuritis and their role in monitoring treatment response.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Decoding the hidden realm: Molecular pioneering unravelling osteoarticular tuberculosis diagnosis.Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma · 2024Article
- Article
- Chitinase and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase are prognostic biomarkers for unfavorable treatment outcomes in pulmonary tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis among pediatric inpatients in mainland China: a descriptive, multicenter study.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Article
- GPX4 regulates cellular necrosis and host resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2022Article
- Deciphering Genetic Susceptibility to Tuberculous Meningitis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Cytokine Biosignature of Active and Latent Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection in Children.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Heme Oxygenase-1 as a Pharmacological Target for Host-Directed Therapy to Limit Tuberculosis Associated Immunopathology.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Discovery and Validation of a Three-Cytokine Plasma Signature as a Biomarker for Diagnosis of Pediatric Tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Acute Phase Proteins Are Baseline Predictors of Tuberculosis Treatment Failure.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Aging increases the systemic molecular degree of inflammatory perturbation in patients with tuberculosis.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Association of heme oxygenase-1 single nucleotide polymorphisms with susceptibility to tuberculosis in Chinese Han population.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2020Article
- High Sensitivity C Reactive Protein: An Adjunct Diagnosis in Ruling Out Pediatric Tuberculosis.Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) in children is not only more likely to cause more severe disease than that seen in adults, it is also more likely to be extrapulmonary. Moreover, pediatric TB is very difficult to diagnose and suffers from a lack of understanding of host biomarkers for monitoring the progression of disease. Hence, we sought to identify the expression patterns of a variety of biomarkers in the plasma of children with pulmonary TB (PTB) and extrapulmonary TB (ETB), as well as in healthy control (HC) children. Thus, we examined a variety of circulating markers reflecting tissue inflammation, oxidative stress, innate immune activation, fibrosis, and the cytokine response. Children with active TB, compared to HC children, showed markedly elevated plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinases and their endogenous inhibitors. In addition, children with active TB had significantly elevated levels of C-reactive protein, α-2 macroglobulin, and haptoglobin, as well as hemoxygenase 1. Markers of innate immune activation (lipopolysaccharide [LPS] and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein [LBP]) were significantly lower in ETB than in PTB children. Although there were no significant differences between the two groups in their levels of cytokines (type 1 [gamma interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 2 (IL-2), and IL-12], type 2 [IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-33], and most type 17 [IL-17A, IL-22, IL-1β, and IL-6] and type 1 interferons [IFN-α and IFN-β]) or most of the cytokines associated with immune modulation (IL-10 and IL-20), pediatric TB was associated with elevated plasma transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), IL-21, and IL-23 levels. Thus, pediatric TB is characterized by elevated levels of a variety of biomarkers at homeostasis, suggesting that these responses may play a crucial role in disease pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.