Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23480406›Full record

ReviewFEMS microbiology reviews2013

Regulation of flagellar motility during biofilm formation.

Sarah B Guttenplan, Daniel B Kearns

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in FEMS microbiology reviews, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 303 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
303citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

303 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. A functional interplay ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Biofilm dispersion byJournal of bacteriology · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. The last bacterial common ancestor encoded a complex flagellum.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. How flagellar glycosylation of the phytopathogenic bacteriumApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026
    Article
  20. Article

243 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Sarah B GuttenplanDepartment of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
Daniel B Kearns

Funding

The mechanism of bistable motility gene expression in Bacillus subtilis.R01GM093030 · NIGMS · TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY · PI KEARNS, DANIEL B · 2010 to 2018
$2.6M
NIGMS NIH HHS GM093030NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM093030
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Many bacteria swim in liquid or swarm over solid surfaces by synthesizing rotary flagella. The same bacteria that are motile also commonly form nonmotile multicellular aggregates called biofilms. Biofilms are an important part of the lifestyle of pathogenic bacteria, and it is assumed that there is a motility-to-biofilm transition wherein the inhibition of motility promotes biofilm formation. The transition is largely inferred from regulatory mutants that reveal the opposite regulation of the two phenotypes. Here, we review the regulation of motility during biofilm formation in Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, and Escherichia, and we conclude that the motility-to-biofilm transition, if necessary, likely involves two steps. In the short term, flagella are functionally regulated to either inhibit rotation or modulate the basal flagellar reversal frequency. Over the long term, flagellar gene transcription is inhibited and in the absence of de novo synthesis, flagella are diluted to extinction through growth. Both short-term and long-term motility inhibition is likely important to stabilize cell aggregates and optimize resource investment. We emphasize the newly discovered flagellar functional regulators and speculate that others await discovery in the context of biofilm formation.

Indexed as

Bacterial Physiological PhenomenaGene Expression Regulation, BacterialBacillus subtilisBacterial ProteinsBiofilmsEscherichia coliFlagellaMovementPseudomonas aeruginosaVibrioBacterial Proteinsbrakec-di-GMPclutchEpsEmotorYcgR

Identifiers

PMID23480406
PMCPMC3718880

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.