Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23475786›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA2013

Extracting drug indication information from structured product labels using natural language processing.

Kin Wah Fung, Chiang S Jao, Dina Demner-Fushman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Medication-indication knowledge bases: a systematic review and critical appraisal.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2015
    Pooled it
  2. Evaluating NLP Approaches to Extract Drug Indications.AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science proceedings. AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science · 2026
    Article
  3. Knowledge-guided generative artificial intelligence for automated taxonomy learning from drug labels.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2024
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Exploring Novel Computable Knowledge in Structured Drug Product Labels.AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science proceedings. AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science · 2020
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Formalizing drug indications on the road to therapeutic intent.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2017
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Disease-drug database for pharmacogenomic-based prescribing.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2016
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Scaling drug indication curation through crowdsourcing.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2015
    Article
  18. LabeledIn: cataloging labeled indications for human drugs.Journal of biomedical informatics · 2014
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kin Wah FungLister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, National Library of Medicine, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA. kfung@mail.nih.gov
Chiang S Jao
Dina Demner-Fushman

Funding

Intramural NIH HHS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo extract drug indications from structured drug labels and represent the information using codes from standard medical terminologies. MATERIALS AND

methodsWe used MetaMap and other publicly available resources to extract information from the indications section of drug labels. Drugs and indications were encoded by RxNorm and UMLS identifiers respectively. A sample was manually reviewed. We also compared the results with two independent information sources: National Drug File-Reference Terminology and the Semantic Medline project.

resultsA total of 6797 drug labels were processed, resulting in 19 473 unique drug-indication pairs. Manual review of 298 most frequently prescribed drugs by seven physicians showed a recall of 0.95 and precision of 0.77. Inter-rater agreement (Fleiss κ) was 0.713. The precision of the subset of results corroborated by Semantic Medline extractions increased to 0.93. DISCUSSION: Correlation of a patient's medical problems and drugs in an electronic health record has been used to improve data quality and reduce medication errors. Authoritative drug indication information is available from drug labels, but not in a format readily usable by computer applications. Our study shows that it is feasible to use publicly available natural language processing resources to extract drug indications from drug labels. The same method can be applied to other sections of the drug label-for example, adverse effects, contraindications.

conclusionsIt is feasible to use publicly available natural language processing tools to extract indication information from freely available drug labels. Named entity recognition sources (eg, MetaMap) provide reasonable recall. Combination with other data sources provides higher precision.

Indexed as

Drug LabelingNatural Language ProcessingHumansPharmaceutical PreparationsPrescription DrugsRxNormPharmaceutical PreparationsPrescription Drugs

Identifiers

PMID23475786
PMCPMC3628062

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.