Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23473921›Full record

ArticleRespiratory physiology & neurobiology2013

Co-activation of μ- and δ-opioid receptors elicits tolerance to morphine-induced ventilatory depression via generation of peroxynitrite.

Alex P Young, Ryan B Gruber, Joe F Discala, Walter J May, Dylan McLaughlin, Lisa A Palmer, Stephen J Lewis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Respiratory physiology & neurobiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Reversal of morphine-induced respiratory depression with the µAmerican journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Alex P YoungPediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Ryan B Gruber
Joe F Discala
Walter J May
Dylan McLaughlin
Lisa A Palmer
Stephen J Lewis
University of Virginia · US

Funding

S-nitrosothiol signaling in pulmonary epithelial cellsP01HL101871 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI GASTON, BENJAMIN, LEWIS, STEPHEN JOHN · 2011 to 2015
$8.7M
Airway redox biochemistry as a deteriminant of asthma phenotype during adolescen*U10HL109250 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI ERZURUM, SERPIL C., GASTON, BENJAMIN · 2011 to 2016
$4.2M
NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL101871NHLBI NIH HHS U10 HL109250
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We determined whether pretreatment with (1) the μ-/δ-opioid receptor (μ-/δ-OR) antagonist, naloxone, (2) the δ1,2-OR antagonist, naltrindole, or (3) the peroxynitrite scavenger, d-penicillamine, affects the development of tolerance to the ventilatory depressant effects of morphine in rats. The injection of morphine in vehicle-pretreated rats decreased minute ventilation predominantly via decreases in tidal volume. Pretreatment with naloxone blunted the responses to morphine whereas pretreatment with naltrindole or d-penicillamine did not. A second injection of morphine, given one day later, elicited markedly smaller responses in vehicle rats whereas it elicited pronounced ventilatory depression in rats that were pretreated with naloxone, naltrindole or d-penicillamine (prior to morphine) the day before. Moreover, the ventilatory responses elicited by subsequent exposure to a hypoxic-hypercapnic challenge were markedly depressed in naloxone- or d-penicillamine-pretreated rats compared to vehicle-pretreated rats. These findings suggest that activation of μ- and δ-ORs causes tolerance to the ventilatory depressant effects of morphine at least partly via the generation of peroxynitrite.

Indexed as

Analysis of VarianceAnimalsAntidotesDrug ToleranceMaleMorphineNaloxoneNaltrexoneNarcotic AntagonistsNarcoticsPenicillaminePeroxynitrous AcidRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptors, Opioid, deltaReceptors, Opioid, muAntidotesMorphineNaloxoneNaltrexonenaltrindoleNarcotic AntagonistsNarcoticsPenicillaminePeroxynitrous AcidReceptors, Opioid, deltaReceptors, Opioid, mu

Identifiers

PMID23473921
PMCPMC4451624
OpenAlexW2028836939

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.