ArticlePloS one2013
Prevalent and incident bacterial vaginosis are associated with sexual and contraceptive behaviours in young Australian women.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2021Guideline
- Hormonal contraception is associated with a reduced risk of bacterial vaginosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2013Pooled it
- Trial
- Factors in the HIV risk environment associated with bacterial vaginosis among HIV-negative female sex workers who inject drugs in the Mexico-United States border region.BMC public health · 2018Trial
- Vaginal microbiomes and their pertinent social context: a microbial ecological review proffering AMR-STI acquisition and emergence.Biology of sex differences · 2026Review
- The cost-effectiveness of male-partner treatment to prevent recurrence of bacterial vaginosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Contraceptive effects on the cervicovaginal microbiome: Recent evidence including randomized trials.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2023Review
- Exploring Microbiota Diversity in Cervical Lesion Progression and HPV Infection through 16S rRNA Gene Metagenomic Sequencing.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- The Female Reproductive Tract Microbiota: Friends and Foe.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The interplay between HPV, other Sexually Transmissible Infections and genital microbiome on cervical microenvironment (MicroCervixHPV study).Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Observational
- Article
- Association between Cervical Microbiota and HPV: Could This Be the Key to Complete Cervical Cancer Eradication?Biology · 2022Review
- Molecular Identification of Cervical Microbes in HIV-Negative and HIV-Positive Women in an African Setting Using a Customized Bacterial Vaginosis Microbial DNA Quantitative PCR (qPCR) Array.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Healthy Vaginal Microbiota and Influence of Probiotics Across the Female Life Span.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Current and Future Trends in the Laboratory Diagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Infections.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Bacterial vaginosis-associated vaginal microbiota is an age-independent risk factor for Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis infections in low-risk women, St. Petersburg, Russia.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2020Article
- Article
- Conventional oral and secondary high dose vaginal metronidazole therapy for recurrent bacterial vaginosis: clinical outcomes, impacts of sex and menses.Infection and drug resistance · 2019Article
- Deciphering the effect of reproductive tract microbiota on human reproduction.Reproductive medicine and biology · 2019Review
- Role of Lactobacilli and Lactoferrin in the Mucosal Cervicovaginal Defense.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo determine prevalence and incidence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and risk factors in young sexually-active Australian women.
methods1093 women aged 16-25 years were recruited from primary-care clinics. Participants completed 3-monthly questionnaires and self-collected vaginal smears 6-monthly for 12-months. The primary endpoint was a Nugent Score = 7-10 (BV) and the secondary endpoint was a NS = 4-10 (abnormal flora [AF]). BV and AF prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were derived, and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) calculated to explore epidemiological associations with prevalent BV and AF. Proportional-hazards regression models were used to examine factors associated with incident BV and AF.
resultsAt baseline 129 women had BV [11.8% (95%CI: 9.4-14.2)] and 188 AF (17.2%; 15.1-19.5). Prevalent BV was associated with having a recent female partner [AOR = 2.1; 1.0-4.4] and lack of tertiary-education [AOR = 1.9; 1.2-3.0]; use of an oestrogen-containing contraceptive (OCC) was associated with reduced risk [AOR = 0.6; 0.4-0.9]. Prevalent AF was associated with the same factors, and additionally with >5 male partners (MSP) in 12-months [AOR = 1.8; 1.2-2.5)], and detection of C.trachomatis or M.genitalium [AOR = 2.1; 1.0-4.5]. There were 82 cases of incident BV (9.4%;7.7-11.7/100 person-years) and 129 with incident AF (14.8%; 12.5-17.6/100 person-years). Incident BV and AF were associated with a new MSP [adjusted rate ratio (ARR) = 1.5; 1.1-2.2 and ARR = 1.5; 1.1-2.0], respectively. OCC-use was associated with reduced risk of incident AF [ARR = 0.7; 0.5-1.0].
conclusionThis paper presents BV and AF prevalence and incidence estimates from a large prospective cohort of young Australian women predominantly recruited from primary-care clinics. These data support the concept that sexual activity is strongly associated with the development of BV and AF and that use of an OCC is associated with reduced risk.
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