ReviewNucleic acids research2013
Comparative genomics of defense systems in archaea and bacteria.
Review in Nucleic acids research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 256 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
256 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- The pQBR mercury resistance plasmids: a model set of sympatric environmental mobile genetic elements.Microbial genomics · 2026Article
- Biochemical Characterization of LsGajA: A Key Nuclease for Gabija Defense in Lactic Acid Bacteria.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Bacterial Schlafen proteins mediate phage defence.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Systematic discovery of bacterial anti-phage systems through a protein domain-centric strategy.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Modulation of Hachiman defence by a type II toxin-antitoxin system via balancing trade-off between the fitness cost and antiphage activity.Engineering microbiology · 2026Article
- Identification of novel prophages and variants of integrative and conjugative elements in Elizabethkingia anophelis clinical isolates from Seremban, Malaysia.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Review
- Bacteriophages mobilize bacterial defense systems via lateral transduction.Science advances · 2026Article
- Expanding the landscape of BREX diversity: uncovering multi-layered functional frameworks and identification of novel BREX-related defense systems.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Genome-wide association analysis reveals specialization to hosts and niches in multiple species of the Lactobacillaceae.The ISME journal · 2026Article
- Revisiting lactococcal abortive infection-like antiphage systems: diversity, structures, and mechanisms.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Epigenetic regulation in prokaryotes: transcriptional and phenotypic outcomes of DNA methyltransferase activity.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- CRISPR-Cas targeting inmicroLife · 2026Article
- Bistability in type I toxin-antitoxin systems may lead to stress-induced persister formation.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2025Article
- Ecological determinants of altruism in prokaryote antivirus defense.Biology direct · 2025Article
- Biology of host-dependent restriction-modification in prokaryotes.EcoSal Plus · 2025Review
- High-quality de novo genome assembly and functional genomic insights into Thermobifida alba DSM43795Biologia futura · 2025Article
- Ecological ubiquity and phylogeny drive nestedness in phages-bacteria networks and shape the bacterial defensome.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Structure and activation mechanism of a Lamassu phage and plasmid defense system.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2025Article
196 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Our knowledge of prokaryotic defense systems has vastly expanded as the result of comparative genomic analysis, followed by experimental validation. This expansion is both quantitative, including the discovery of diverse new examples of known types of defense systems, such as restriction-modification or toxin-antitoxin systems, and qualitative, including the discovery of fundamentally new defense mechanisms, such as the CRISPR-Cas immunity system. Large-scale statistical analysis reveals that the distribution of different defense systems in bacterial and archaeal taxa is non-uniform, with four groups of organisms distinguishable with respect to the overall abundance and the balance between specific types of defense systems. The genes encoding defense system components in bacterial and archaea typically cluster in defense islands. In addition to genes encoding known defense systems, these islands contain numerous uncharacterized genes, which are candidates for new types of defense systems. The tight association of the genes encoding immunity systems and dormancy- or cell death-inducing defense systems in prokaryotic genomes suggests that these two major types of defense are functionally coupled, providing for effective protection at the population level.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.