ArticleNature2013
Induction of pathogenic TH17 cells by inducible salt-sensing kinase SGK1.
Article in Nature, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04398550 (Specific Carbohydrate Diet vs. Mediterranean Diet Therapy in Ulcerative Colitis - A Clinical Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 619 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Specific Carbohydrate Diet vs. Mediterranean Diet Therapy in Ulcerative Colitis - A Clinical Trial
Who cites it
619 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 995 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Gene-environment interaction modifies the association between hyperinsulinemia and serum urate levels through SLC22A12.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Trial
- Sex-dependent modulation of T and NK cells and gut microbiome by low sodium diet in patients with primary aldosteronism.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Trial
- Effects of altered salt intake and diet on cytokines in humans: A 20-week randomized cross-over intervention study.European journal of immunology · 2023Trial
- Exploration of predictors of benefit from nivolumab monotherapy for patients with pretreated advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer: post hoc subanalysis from the ATTRACTION-2 study.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2022Trial
- Nutritional regulation of gut-brain immune crosstalk across the lifespan.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Beyond the guidelines: Vascular function as the central determinant and therapeutic target in hypertension.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Review
- Review
- Serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 regulates vascular inflammation in atherosclerosis.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Impact of High Dietary Salt on Neurovascular and Cognitive Functions.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Review
- Salt and chronic kidney disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- High-salt diet in macrophage-associated metabolic disorders: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Potassium suppresses allosteric activation of ZAP-70-dependent T cell receptor signaling.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Contextualizing TNature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Diet and Medicinal Herbs as Adjunctive Approaches to Immune Homeostasis in Sjögren's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Role of Microbiome and Diet on Disease Activity and Immune-Inflammatory Status in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Tissue-restricted secondary TCR engagement drives the transition from stem-like to CD200Nature immunology · 2026Article
- High-salt diet aggravates skin inflammation of psoriasis-like mouse model with CCL20‒CCR6 axis further activation.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2026Article
- Assessing T-Cell Profile Shifts through IL-23 Inhibition by Guselkumab on Psoriasis.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2026Article
- Pathogenic Drivers of Difficult-to-Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis: Synovium and Beyond.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
559 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
TH17 cells (interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing helper T cells) are highly proinflammatory cells that are critical for clearing extracellular pathogens and for inducing multiple autoimmune diseases. IL-23 has a critical role in stabilizing and reinforcing the TH17 phenotype by increasing expression of IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) and endowing TH17 cells with pathogenic effector functions. However, the precise molecular mechanism by which IL-23 sustains the TH17 response and induces pathogenic effector functions has not been elucidated. Here we used transcriptional profiling of developing TH17 cells to construct a model of their signalling network and nominate major nodes that regulate TH17 development. We identified serum glucocorticoid kinase 1 (SGK1), a serine/threonine kinase, as an essential node downstream of IL-23 signalling. SGK1 is critical for regulating IL-23R expression and stabilizing the TH17 cell phenotype by deactivation of mouse Foxo1, a direct repressor of IL-23R expression. SGK1 has been shown to govern Na(+) transport and salt (NaCl) homeostasis in other cells. We show here that a modest increase in salt concentration induces SGK1 expression, promotes IL-23R expression and enhances TH17 cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo, accelerating the development of autoimmunity. Loss of SGK1 abrogated Na(+)-mediated TH17 differentiation in an IL-23-dependent manner. These data demonstrate that SGK1 has a critical role in the induction of pathogenic TH17 cells and provide a molecular insight into a mechanism by which an environmental factor such as a high salt diet triggers TH17 development and promotes tissue inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.