Trial reportNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2013
Acute shift in glutamate concentrations following experimentally induced panic with cholecystokinin tetrapeptide--a 3T-MRS study in healthy subjects.
Trial report in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurochemical and genetic factors in panic disorder: a systematic review.Translational psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Assessment of Relationship of Ketamine Dose With Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Glx and GABA Responses in Adults With Major Depression: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2020Trial
- State-dependent reactivity of anterior cingulate cortex neurochemistry and downstream autonomic arousal in intrusive thinking.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2025Article
- Review
- Glutamate Neurotoxicity and Destruction of the Blood-Brain Barrier: Key Pathways for the Development of Neuropsychiatric Consequences of TBI and Their Potential Treatment Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Aiding and Abetting Anhedonia: Impact of Inflammation on the Brain and Pharmacological Implications.Pharmacological reviews · 2021Review
- Smaller volume of right hippocampal CA2/3 in patients with panic disorder.Brain imaging and behavior · 2021Article
- Anxiety, Mental Stress, and Sudden Cardiac Arrest: Epidemiology, Possible Mechanisms and Future Research.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Review
- Cholecystokinin-Mediated Neuromodulation of Anxiety and Schizophrenia: A "Dimmer-Switch" Hypothesis.Current neuropharmacology · 2021Review
- Gene-environment interaction: New insights into perceived parenting and social anxiety among adolescents.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2020Article
- Are working memory and glutamate concentrations involved in early-life stress and severity of psychosis?Brain and behavior · 2020Article
- Sensitivity to gene dosage and gene expression affects genes with copy number variants observed among neuropsychiatric diseases.BMC medical genomics · 2020Article
- Psychostimulant drug effects on glutamate, Glx, and creatine in the anterior cingulate cortex and subjective response in healthy humans.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Article
- Functional neuroanatomy in panic disorder: Status quo of the research.World journal of psychiatry · 2017Article
- Acute stress effects on GABA and glutamate levels in the prefrontal cortex: A 7TNeuroImage. Clinical · 2017Article
- Glutamate and dopamine in schizophrenia: an update for the 21st century.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2015Review
- Observational
- Glutamate changes in anterior cingulate cortex following CCK-4 infusion.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2014Article
- 'Acute shift in glutamate-concentrations following experimentally induced panic with cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide-a 3T-MRS study in healthy subjects'-a reply to the letter to the editor.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2014Article
- Imaging Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Neurotransmitters: A Review.Mass spectrometry (Tokyo, Japan) · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
According to preclinical studies, glutamate has been implicated in the pathogenesis of anxiety. In order to elucidate the role of glutamate in anxiety and panic in humans, brain glutamate+glutamine (Glx) levels were measured during cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide (CCK-4)-induced panic using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Eighteen healthy subjects underwent a CCK-4 challenge. MR spectra were obtained from the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) using a single voxel point-resolved spectroscopy method and analyzed using LCModel. A combined fitting of Glx was performed. Panic was assessed using the Acute Panic Inventory (API) and Panic Symptom Scale (PSS) scores. Moreover, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis stimulation was monitored throughout the challenge. There was a significant panic response following CCK-4 as revealed by a marked increase in both the panic scores (API: F(1,17)=149.41; p<0.0001; PSS: F(1,17)=88.03; p<0.0001) and heart rate (HR: F(1,17)=72.79; p<0.0001). MRS measures showed a significant increase of brain Glx/creatine (Glx/Cr) levels peaking at 2-10 min after challenge (F(1,17)=15.94; p=0.001). There was also a significant increase in CCK-4-related cortisol release (F(6,11)=8.68; p=0.002). Finally, significant positive correlations were found between baseline Glx/Cr and both APImax (r=0.598; p=0.009) and maximum heart rate (HR(max)) during challenge (r=0.519; p=0.027). Our results suggest that CCK-4-induced panic is accompanied by a significant glutamate increase in the bilateral ACC. The results add to the hypothesis of a disturbance of the inhibitory-excitatory equilibrium and suggest that apart from static alterations rapid and dynamic neurochemical changes might also be relevant for the neural control of panic attacks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.