ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2013
Phthalate concentrations and dietary exposure from food purchased in New York State.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Environmental Exposure to Non-Persistent Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Endometriosis: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- The Association of Bisphenol A and Phthalates with Risk of Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- Evaluating the use of silicone wristbands and urinary biomarkers to assess personal exposure to phthalates.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Article
- In utero exposure to a mixture of phthalates, parabens, and other phenols and menstrual cycle characteristics in adolescents.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2025Article
- Oral exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate alters the expression of GATA6, OCT4, and CDX2 in blastocysts and decreases the rate of implantation in a mouse model.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- Effects of Behavioral, Clinical, and Policy Interventions in Reducing Human Exposure to Bisphenols and Phthalates: A Scoping Review.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Prenatal phthalate exposure and sex steroid hormones in newborns: Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Ultra-processed and fast food consumption, exposure to phthalates during pregnancy, and socioeconomic disparities in phthalate exposures.Environment international · 2024Article
- Occurrence, Fate, and Reduction Measures of Phthalates in the Cooking Process: A Review.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2023Review
- Analysis of ortho-phthalates and other plasticizers in select organic and conventional foods in the United States.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2023Article
- Combined Toxicities of Di-Butyl Phthalate and Polyethylene Terephthalate to Zebrafish Embryos.Toxics · 2023Article
- Ultra-processed food (UPF) intake in pregnancy and maternal and neonatal outcomes.European journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Maternal exposure to phthalates and total gestational weight gain in the LIFECODES birth cohort.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Paternal phthalate exposure-elicited offspring metabolic disorders are associated with altered sperm small RNAs in mice.Environment international · 2023Article
- Food-Borne Chemical Carcinogens and the Evidence for Human Cancer Risk.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Determinants of phthalate exposures in pregnant women in New York City.Environmental research · 2022Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPhthalates have been found in many personal care and industrial products, but have not previously been reported in food purchased in the United States. Phthalates are ubiquitous synthetic compounds and therefore difficult to measure in foods containing trace levels. Phthalates have been associated with endocrine disruption and developmental alteration.
objectivesOur goals were to report concentrations of phthalates in U.S. food for the first time, specifically, nine phthalates in 72 individual food samples purchased in Albany, New York, and to compare these findings with other countries and estimate dietary phthalate intake.
methodsA convenience sample of commonly consumed foods was purchased from New York supermarkets. Methods were developed to analyze these foods using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Dietary intakes of phthalates were estimated as the product of the food consumption rate and concentration of phthalates in that food.
resultsThe range of detection frequency of individual phthalates varied from 6% for dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) to 74% for di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP). DEHP concentrations were the highest of the phthalates measured in all foods except beef [where di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) was the highest phthalate found], with pork having the highest estimated mean concentration of any food group (mean 300 ng/g; maximum, 1,158 ng/g). Estimated mean adult intakes ranged from 0.004 μg/kg/day for dimethyl phthalate (DMP) to 0.673 μg/kg/day for DEHP.
conclusionsPhthalates are widely present in U.S. foods. While estimated intakes for individual phthalates in this study were more than an order of magnitude lower than U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reference doses, cumulative exposure to phthalates is of concern and a more representative survey of U.S. foods is indicated.
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