ArticlePloS one2013
Iron status and systemic inflammation, but not gut inflammation, strongly predict gender-specific concentrations of serum hepcidin in infants in rural Kenya.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepcidin is low in children with moderate acute malnutrition and asymptomatic malaria: secondary analysis of a 2×2×3 factorial randomised trial in Burkina Faso.The British journal of nutrition · 2026Trial
- Iron Bioavailability from Infant Cereals Containing Whole Grains and Pulses: A Stable Isotope Study in Malawian Children.The Journal of nutrition · 2022Trial
- Iron Deficiency Anemia at Time of Vaccination Predicts Decreased Vaccine Response and Iron Supplementation at Time of Vaccination Increases Humoral Vaccine Response: A Birth Cohort Study and a Randomized Trial Follow-Up Study in Kenyan Infants.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Trial
- Neuropsychological benefits of computerized cognitive rehabilitation training in Ugandan children surviving severe malaria: A randomized controlled trial.Brain research bulletin · 2019Trial
- In-home fortification with 2.5 mg iron as NaFeEDTA does not reduce anaemia but increases weight gain: a randomised controlled trial in Kenyan infants.Maternal & child nutrition · 2015Trial
- Zinc absorption from micronutrient powder is low but is not affected by iron in Kenyan infants.Nutrients · 2014Trial
- Associations between systemic immune-inflammation index and iron deficiency.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effects of Iron Status on Adaptive Immunity and Vaccine Efficacy: A Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Review
- Prevalence and predictors of anemia among six-week-old infants in Kwale County, Kenya: A cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Changes in Iron Status Biomarkers with Advancing Age According to Sex and Menopause: A Population-Based Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Hepcidin in Kawasaki disease: upregulation by acute inflammation in patients having resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin therapy.Clinical rheumatology · 2021Observational
- Hepcidin and other indicators of iron status, by alpha-1 acid glycoprotein levels, in a cohort of Mexican infants.Annals of hematology · 2021Article
- Hepcidin induces intestinal calcium uptake while suppressing iron uptake in Caco-2 cells.PloS one · 2021Article
- Global look at nutritional and functional iron deficiency in infancy.Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program · 2020Review
- Age, Ethnicity, Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency, Micronutrient Powder Intake, and Biomarkers of Micronutrient Status, Infection, and Inflammation Are Associated with Anemia Among Children 6-59 Months in Nepal.The Journal of nutrition · 2020Article
- Estimating the burden of iron deficiency among African children.BMC medicine · 2020Article
- Rapid growth is a dominant predictor of hepcidin suppression and declining ferritin in Gambian infants.Haematologica · 2019Article
- The Importance of Iron Status for Young Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Narrative Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Respiratory infections drive hepcidin-mediated blockade of iron absorption leading to iron deficiency anemia in African children.Science advances · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hepcidin regulation by competing stimuli such as infection and iron deficiency has not been studied in infants and it's yet unknown whether hepcidin regulatory pathways are fully functional in infants. In this cross-sectional study including 339 Kenyan infants aged 6.0±1.1 months (mean±SD), we assessed serum hepcidin-25, biomarkers of iron status and inflammation, and fecal calprotectin. Prevalence of inflammation, anemia, and iron deficiency was 31%, 71%, 26%, respectively. Geometric mean (±SD) serum hepcidin was 6.0 (±3.4) ng/mL, and was significantly lower in males than females. Inflammation (C-reactive protein and interleukin-6) and iron status (serum ferritin, zinc protoporphyrin and soluble transferrin receptor) were significant predictors of serum hepcidin, explaining nearly 60% of its variance. There were small, but significant differences in serum hepcidin comparing iron deficient anemic (IDA) infants without inflammation to iron-deficient anemic infants with inflammation (1.2 (±4.9) vs. 3.4 (±4.9) ng/mL; P<0.001). Fecal calprotectin correlated with blood/mucus in the stool but not with hepcidin. Similarly, the gut-linked cytokines IL-12 and IL-17 did not correlate with hepcidin. We conclude that hepcidin regulatory pathways are already functional in infancy, but serum hepcidin alone may not clearly discriminate between iron-deficient anemic infants with and without infection. We propose gender-specific reference values for serum hepcidin in iron-replete infants without inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.