ArticleThe Journal of physiology2013
The evaporative requirement for heat balance determines whole-body sweat rate during exercise under conditions permitting full evaporation.
Article in The Journal of physiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Seasonal Heat Acclimatisation in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Pooled it
- Thermoregulation and dehydration in children and youth exercising in extreme heat compared with adults.British journal of sports medicine · 2025Trial
- The effect of 8-day oral taurine supplementation on thermoregulation during low-intensity exercise at fixed heat production in hot conditions of incremental humidity.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Trial
- Exercise intensity effects on total sweat electrolyte losses and regional vs. whole-body sweat [NaEuropean journal of applied physiology · 2019Trial
- Extracellular Hsp72 concentration relates to a minimum endogenous criteria during acute exercise-heat exposure.Cell stress & chaperones · 2014Trial
- Who Can Avoid the Heat? Inter-Individual Differences in 24-hr Heat Exposure Reveal Disparities in Heat Adaptation and Stress.GeoHealth · 2026Article
- Macro- and microcirculatory factors affecting foot temperature change during walking.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Physiological Demands and Contributors to Variance of Core Temperature in 162 Recreational Runners during Distance Running in a Warm-Humid Environment.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2026Article
- Assessment of Initial Stay Time and Work-Rest Scheduling Over Consecutive Moderate-Intensity Workdays in Hot Environments in Young and Older Males and Females.American journal of industrial medicine · 2026Article
- Influence of age and biological sex on sweating in children exercising in warm and hot environments with comparison to adults.The Journal of physiology · 2026Article
- Comparison of pilocarpine- versus exercise-induced sweat sodium concentration across exercise intensities in trained athletes.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Hydration Status and Acute Kidney Injury Biomarkers in NCAA Female Soccer Athletes During Preseason Conditioning.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Effects of 24-h sleep deprivation on whole-body heat exchange in young men during exercise in the heat.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Article
- The molecular signature of heat stress in sweat reveals non-invasive biomarker candidates for health monitoring.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Humans exercising in the heat: A review on sweat models and a comparison to recent experimental datasets.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2025Article
- Effects of individual characteristics and local body functions on sweating response: A review.International journal of biometeorology · 2024Review
- Adaptive fabric with emissivity regulation for thermal management of humans.Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Article
- Heat strain differences walking in hot-dry and warm-wet environments of equivalent wet bulb globe temperature.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2024Article
- A century of exercise physiology: concepts that ignited the study of human thermoregulation. Part 2: physiological measurements.European journal of applied physiology · 2023Review
- A century of exercise physiology: concepts that ignited the study of human thermoregulation. Part 1: Foundational principles and theories of regulation.European journal of applied physiology · 2023Review
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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3 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although the requirements for heat dissipation during exercise are determined by the necessity for heat balance, few studies have considered them when examining sweat production and its potential modulators. Rather, the majority of studies have used an experimental protocol based on a fixed percentage of maximum oxygen uptake (% ). Using multiple regression analysis, we examined the independent contribution of the evaporative requirement for heat balance (Ereq) and % to whole-body sweat rate (WBSR) during exercise. We hypothesised that WBSR would be determined by Ereq and not by % . A total of 23 males performed two separate experiments during which they exercised for 90 min at different rates of metabolic heat production (200, 350, 500 W) at a fixed air temperature (30°C, n = 8), or at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production (290 W) at different air temperatures (30, 35, 40°C, n = 15 and 45°C, n = 7). Whole-body evaporative heat loss was measured by direct calorimetry and used to calculate absolute WBSR in grams per minute. The conditions employed resulted in a wide range of Ereq (131-487 W) and % (15-55%). The individual variation in non-steady-state (0-30 min) and steady-state (30-90 min) WBSR correlated significantly with Ereq (P < 0.001). In contrast, % correlated negatively with the residual variation in WBSR not explained by Ereq, and marginally increased (∼2%) the amount of total variability in WBSR described by Ereq alone (non-steady state: R(2) = 0.885; steady state: R(2) = 0.930). These data provide clear evidence that absolute WBSR during exercise is determined by Ereq, not by % . Future studies should therefore use an experimental protocol which ensures a fixed Ereq when examining absolute WBSR between individuals, irrespective of potential differences in relative exercise intensity.
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