Trial reportThe Journal of physiology2013
Timing and distribution of protein ingestion during prolonged recovery from resistance exercise alters myofibrillar protein synthesis.
Trial report in The Journal of physiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07245199 (Protein Intake Distribution to Support Muscle Anabolism in Healthy Young Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 222 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Protein Intake Distribution to Support Muscle Anabolism in Healthy Young Adults
Who cites it
222 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 468 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Does chronic polyphenol supplementation modify resistance training-induced strength and muscle morphology adaptations in adults? A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Protein Requirements of Pre-Menopausal Female Athletes: Systematic Literature Review.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Impact of cow's milk intake on exercise performance and recovery of muscle function: a systematic review.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2019Pooled it
- Dietary Intake of Competitive Bodybuilders.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2015Pooled it
- Greek Yogurt Compared with Whey Protein Supplementation in Adolescent Athletes Throughout a Competitive Season.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Trial
- Resistance training partially restores age-related differences in skeletal muscle amino acid transporters - secondary analysis from two randomized controlled trials.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2026Trial
- Investigating the Digestibility, Bioavailability and Utilization of Protein Blends in Older Adults Using a Dual Stable Isotope Tracer Technique.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Effect of 3 Different Daily Protein Intakes in a 2-Meal Eating Pattern on Protein Turnover in Middle Age and Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- The Effect of Protein Supplementation and Playing Time on Recovery Kinetics During a Congested Basketball Schedule.Nutrients · 2024Trial
- The effects of whey, pea, and collagen protein supplementation beyond the recommended dietary allowance on integrated myofibrillar protein synthetic rates in older males: a randomized controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Trial
- The Influence of Intermittent Fasting on Selected Human Anthropometric Parameters.International journal of medical sciences · 2024Trial
- Carbohydrate-Protein drink is effective for restoring endurance capacity in masters class athletes after a two-Hour recovery.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2023Trial
- Vegan and Omnivorous High Protein Diets Support Comparable Daily Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis Rates and Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy in Young Adults.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Trial
- Eight-hour time-restricted eating does not lower daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates: A randomized control trial.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2023Trial
- Trial
162 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Quantity and timing of protein ingestion are major factors regulating myofibrillar protein synthesis (MPS). However, the effect of specific ingestion patterns on MPS throughout a 12 h period is unknown. We determined how different distributions of protein feeding during 12 h recovery after resistance exercise affects anabolic responses in skeletal muscle. Twenty-four healthy trained males were assigned to three groups (n = 8/group) and undertook a bout of resistance exercise followed by ingestion of 80 g of whey protein throughout 12 h recovery in one of the following protocols: 8 × 10 g every 1.5 h (PULSE); 4 × 20 g every 3 h (intermediate: INT); or 2 × 40 g every 6 h (BOLUS). Muscle biopsies were obtained at rest and after 1, 4, 6, 7 and 12 h post exercise. Resting and post-exercise MPS (l-[ring-(13)C6] phenylalanine), and muscle mRNA abundance and cell signalling were assessed. All ingestion protocols increased MPS above rest throughout 1-12 h recovery (88-148%, P < 0.02), but INT elicited greater MPS than PULSE and BOLUS (31-48%, P < 0.02). In general signalling showed a BOLUS>INT>PULSE hierarchy in magnitude of phosphorylation. MuRF-1 and SLC38A2 mRNA were differentially expressed with BOLUS. In conclusion, 20 g of whey protein consumed every 3 h was superior to either PULSE or BOLUS feeding patterns for stimulating MPS throughout the day. This study provides novel information on the effect of modulating the distribution of protein intake on anabolic responses in skeletal muscle and has the potential to maximize outcomes of resistance training for attaining peak muscle mass.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.