ReviewPLoS neglected tropical diseases2013
Trachoma: protective and pathogenic ocular immune responses to Chlamydia trachomatis.
Review in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blinding Trachoma: Systematic Review of Rates and Risk Factors for Progressive Disease.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Pooled it
- Interventions for trachoma trichiasis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Diversity of Chlamydia trachomatis in Trachoma-Hyperendemic Communities Treated With Azithromycin.American journal of epidemiology · 2018Trial
- Assessment of a Novel Approach to Identify Trichiasis Cases Using Community Treatment Assistants in Tanzania.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2015Trial
- Dynamics of trachoma infection in West Africa revealed by a hidden state model.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- CD8iScience · 2026Article
- Comparative transcriptomic profiling of human conjunctival epithelial cells and macrophages in response toFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Biologic drug development for treatment and prevention of sexually transmitted infections.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Antibacterial effects of coniferyl alcohol-derived dehydrogenation polymer on chlamydial infectionFrontiers in chemistry · 2025Article
- Multimodal mucosal and systemic immune characterization of a non-human primate trachoma model highlights the critical role of local immunity during acute phase disease.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Insights into Pathogenesis of Trachoma.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Review
- Using infection prevalence, seroprevalence and case report data to estimate chlamydial infection incidence.Sexually transmitted infections · 2023Article
- Modelling morbidity for neglected tropical diseases: the long and winding road from cumulative exposure to long-term pathology.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
- Longitudinal changes in tear cytokines and antimicrobial proteins in trachomatous disease.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Regulation of chlamydial colonization by IFNγ delivered via distinct cells.Trends in microbiology · 2023Review
- A systems serology approach to the investigation of infection-induced antibody responses and protection in trachoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Trachoma.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2022Review
- Ocular Surface Infection Mediated Molecular Stress Responses: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Human genetic diversity regulating theHGG advances · 2022Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Trachoma, caused by Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct), is the leading infectious blinding disease worldwide. Chronic conjunctival inflammation develops in childhood and leads to eyelid scarring and blindness in adulthood. The immune response to Ct provides only partial protection against re-infection, which can be frequent. Moreover, the immune response is central to the development of scarring pathology, leading to loss of vision. Here we review the current literature on both protective and pathological immune responses in trachoma. The resolution of Ct infection in animal models is IFNγ-dependent, involving Th1 cells, but whether this is the case in human ocular infection still needs to be confirmed. An increasing number of studies indicate that innate immune responses arising from the epithelium and other innate immune cells, along with changes in matrix metalloproteinase activity, are important in the development of tissue damage and scarring. Current trachoma control measures, which are centred on repeated mass antibiotic treatment of populations, are logistically challenging and have the potential to drive antimicrobial resistance. A trachoma vaccine would offer significant advantages. However, limited understanding of the mechanisms of both protective immunity and immunopathology to Ct remain barriers to vaccine development.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.