ArticlePloS one2013
Levels of aqueous humor trace elements in patients with non-exsudative age-related macular degeneration: a case-control study.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metallomic Analysis of Vitreous Humor of the Human Eye-A Post-Mortem Multielemental Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- CircAFF3 modulation of p53-ID2 signaling in the retinal pigment epithelium links inflammation with cell death in dry age-related macular degeneration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Transferrin is a drug candidate for the treatment of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Iron: More than Meets the Eye.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Trace Element Concentration in the Blood and Aqueous Humor of Subjects with Eye Cataract.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Targeting Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Eye: Insights from a New Model of Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- TraceEyeDisease: a web-based database for investigating trace elements and their imbalances in eye diseases.BMC research notes · 2024Article
- Iron Chelator Deferiprone Restores Iron Homeostasis and Inhibits Retinal Neovascularization in Experimental Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Retinal toxicity of heavy metals and its involvement in retinal pathology.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2024Review
- The Potential of Selenium-Based Therapies for Ocular Oxidative Stress.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Mitochondria-Associated Autoantibodies: A Review of the Specific Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Quantification of Metal(loid)s in Lubricating Eye Drops Used in the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Research progress of ferroptosis in glaucoma and optic nerve damage.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2023Review
- Multiomic Mass Spectrometry Imaging to Advance Future Pathological Understanding of Ocular Disease.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Targeted Analysis of Tears Revealed Specific Altered Metal Homeostasis in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- Homeostatic alterations related to total antioxidant capacity, elemental concentrations and isotopic compositions in aqueous humor of glaucoma patients.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2022Article
- Hemodialysis Effect on the Composition of the Eye Fluid of Cataract Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- The Multi-Elemental Composition of the Aqueous Humor of Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery, Suffering from Coexisting Diabetes, Hypertension, or Diabetic Retinopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Potential of Application of Iron Chelating Agents in Ophthalmic Diseases.Seminars in ophthalmology · 2021Review
- Retinal Degeneration and Alzheimer's Disease: An Evolving Link.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Trace elements might play a role in the complex multifactorial pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The aim of this study was to measure alterations of trace elements levels in aqueous humor of patients with non-exsudative (dry) AMD. For this pilot study, aqueous humor samples were collected from patients undergoing cataract surgery. 12 patients with dry AMD (age 77.9±6.62, female 8, male 4) and 11 patients without AMD (age 66.6±16.7, female 7, male 4) were included. Aqueous levels of cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, selenium, and zinc were measured by use of Flow-Injection-Inductively-Coupled-Plasma-Mass-Spectrometry (FI-ICP-MS), quality controlled with certified standards. Patients with AMD had significantly higher aqueous humor levels of cadmium (median: 0.70 µmol/L, IQR: 0.40-0.84 vs. 0.06 µmol/L; IQR: 0.01-.018; p = 0.002), cobalt (median: 3.1 µmol/L, IQR: 2.62-3.15 vs. 1.17 µmol/L; IQR: 0.95-1.27; p<0.001), iron (median: 311 µmol/L, IQR: 289-329 vs. 129 µmol/L; IQR: 111-145; p<0.001) and zinc (median: 23.1 µmol/L, IQR: 12.9-32.6 vs. 5.1 µmol/L; IQR: 4.4-9.4; p = 0.020) when compared with patients without AMD. Copper levels were significantly reduced in patients with AMD (median: 16.2 µmol/L, IQR: 11.4-31.3 vs. 49.9 µmol/L; IQR: 32.0-.142.0; p = 0.022) when compared to those without. No significant differences were observed in aqueous humor levels of manganese and selenium between patients with and without AMD. After an adjustment for multiple testing, cadmium, cobalt, copper and iron remained a significant factor in GLM models (adjusted for age and gender of the patients) for AMD. Alterations of trace element levels support the hypothesis that cadmium, cobalt, iron, and copper are involved in the pathogenesis of AMD.
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