ReviewLife sciences2013
An old method facing a new challenge: re-visiting housekeeping proteins as internal reference control for neuroscience research.
Review in Life sciences, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 187 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Human Ontogeny of Drug Transporters: Review and Recommendations of the Pediatric Transporter Working Group.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2015Pooled it
- Association between dim light melatonin onset predicted from gene expression profiles with sleep time and chronotype preference: A pilot study.Chronobiology international · 2025Trial
- Article
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- Isolation and functional characterization of primary human proximal tubular epithelial cells from brain-dead organ donors.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- The PERK inhibitor GSK2606414 evokes developmental defects in zebrafish consistent with Wolcott-Rallison syndrome phenotypes.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- Repeated Oral Methylphenidate Administration Evokes Changes in Brain Plasticity Proteins in Juvenile Wistar Kyoto Rats: Evidence for Sex-Related Differences.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Analyses of astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle transporter levels in brain tissues from people with HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Exploring the inflammatory origins of gouty arthritis: mechanistic studies based on local lesion proteomics and validation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Combined neocortical protein and morphological profiling of reactive microglia across Alzheimer's and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Fiber-specific differences in protein content of pathways related to mTORC1 signaling and oxidative metabolism in individuals with obesity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Cell-specific protein expression in Alzheimer's disease prefrontal cortex.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Preventing epileptogenesis by interaction between inositol isomers and proteins.Epilepsia open · 2025Article
- Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme inhibition and its impacts on hepatic preneoplasia: a new avenue for liver cancer management.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Multiplex digital spatial profiling identifies subregion dependent targeted proteome changes across variants of dementia.NPJ dementia · 2025Article
- Challenges of MS-based small extracellular vesicles proteomics.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Review
- Resolving the current controversy of use and reuse of housekeeping proteins in ageing research: Focus on saving people's tax dollars.Ageing research reviews · 2024Review
- Correlation between Exposure to UFP and ACE/ACE2 Pathway: Looking for Possible Involvement in COVID-19 Pandemic.Toxics · 2024Article
- Recommendations for Development and Validation of a Fit-For-Purpose Biomarker Assays Using Western Blotting; An-AAPS Sponsored Initiative to Harmonize Industry Practices.The AAPS journal · 2024Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The study of specific target protein expression is often performed by western blotting, a commonly used method to measure the protein expression in neuroscience research by specific antibodies. Housekeeping proteins are used as an internal control for protein loading as well as reference in the western blotting analysis. This practice is based on the belief that such housekeeping genes are considered to be ubiquitously and constitutively expressed in every tissue and produce the minimal essential transcripts necessary for normal cellular function. The most commonly used housekeeping proteins are β-actin, β-tubulin, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). However, recent studies have shown significant variation in some housekeeping genes both at the mRNA and protein levels in various neuropathological events, such as spinal cord injury and Alzheimer's diseases. Changes of housekeeping genes are also induced by non-neuronal diseases in various tissues. Therefore, these discoveries raise a potential concern regarding whether using a housekeeping protein as an internal standard for target protein analysis is an appropriate practice. This minireview will focus on (I) the effects of neuronal and non-neuronal diseases, experimental condition, and tissue-specific roles on alteration of housekeeping genes, and (II) alternative internal standards for gene and protein expression analysis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.