SynthesisHealth expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy2015
Assessments of the extent to which health-care providers involve patients in decision making: a systematic review of studies using the OPTION instrument.
Synthesis in Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 241 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Exploring 'VOLITION' in Context - a Study to Inform the Implementation of a New Intervention
RCT Protocol for Evaluating an Online Training Program on Shared Decision-making About Screening for Down Syndrome
Varicose Vein Education and Informed coNsent (VVEIN) Study: A Randomised Feasibility Study
Who cites it
241 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Key targets for activating anaesthesia shared decision-making: a mixed methods systematic review.Anaesthesia · 2026Pooled it
- To what extent do general practitioners involve patients in decision-making? A systematic review of studies using the OPTION-instrument.Primary health care research & development · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of shared decision making training programs for general practitioners.BMC medical education · 2024Pooled it
- Decision coaching for people making healthcare decisions.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Understanding GPs' clinical reasoning processes involved in managing patients suffering from multimorbidity: A systematic review of qualitative and quantitative research.International journal of clinical practice · 2021Pooled it
- Digital Shared Decision-Making Interventions in Mental Healthcare: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Instruments to measure shared decision-making in outpatient chronic care: a systematic review and appraisal.Journal of clinical epidemiology · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Interventions for involving older patients with multi-morbidity in decision-making during primary care consultations.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Systematic review of shared decision-making in surgery.The British journal of surgery · 2018Pooled it
- Interventions for increasing the use of shared decision making by healthcare professionals.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Supporting shared decision making for older people with multiple health and social care needs: a realist synthesis.BMC geriatrics · 2018Pooled it
- The quality of instruments to assess the process of shared decision making: A systematic review.PloS one · 2018Pooled it
- The Real-Time Support Role of Augmented Reality Technology in Shared Decision-Making in Neurosurgery Under the SEGUE Framework: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Trial
- Effect of a patient decision aid on shared decision making in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: a randomized controlled trial.The oncologist · 2026Trial
- Piloting of a Decision Aid for Recurrent Tonsillitis.Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery · 2025Trial
- Identifying Strategies to Improve Shared Decision Making for Pregnant Patients' Decisions about Prenatal Genetic Screens and Diagnostic Tests.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2024Trial
- HbA1c as a shared treatment goal in type 2 diabetes? A secondary analysis of the DEBATE trial.BMC primary care · 2023Trial
- Fostering Patient Choice Awareness and Presenting Treatment Options Neutrally: A Randomized Trial to Assess the Effect on Perceived Room for Involvement in Decision Making.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2022Trial
- The effect of shared decision-making on recovery from non-chronic aspecific low back pain in primary care; a post-hoc analysis from the patient, physician and observer perspectives.BMC primary care · 2022Trial
181 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWe have no clear overview of the extent to which health-care providers involve patients in the decision-making process during consultations. The Observing Patient Involvement in Decision Making instrument (OPTION) was designed to assess this.
objectiveTo systematically review studies that used the OPTION instrument to observe the extent to which health-care providers involve patients in decision making across a range of clinical contexts, including different health professions and lengths of consultation. SEARCH STRATEGY: We conducted online literature searches in multiple databases (2001-12) and gathered further data through networking. INCLUSION CRITERIA: (i) OPTION scores as reported outcomes and (ii) health-care providers and patients as study participants. For analysis, we only included studies using the revised scale. DATA EXTRACTION: Extracted data included: (i) study and participant characteristics and (ii) OPTION outcomes (scores, statistical associations and reported psychometric results). We also assessed the quality of OPTION outcomes reporting. MAIN
resultsWe found 33 eligible studies, 29 of which used the revised scale. Overall, we found low levels of patient-involving behaviours: in cases where no intervention was used to implement shared decision making (SDM), the mean OPTION score was 23 ± 14 (0-100 scale). When assessed, the variables most consistently associated with higher OPTION scores were interventions to implement SDM (n = 8/9) and duration of consultations (n = 8/15).
conclusionsWhatever the clinical context, few health-care providers consistently attempt to facilitate patient involvement, and even fewer adjust care to patient preferences. However, both SDM interventions and longer consultations could improve this.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.