ArticleFrontiers in neural circuits2013
Young and intense: FoxP2 immunoreactivity in Area X varies with age, song stereotypy, and singing in male zebra finches.
Article in Frontiers in neural circuits, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- CHIRP-Seq: FOXP2 transcriptional targets in zebra finch brain include numerous speech and language-related genes.BMC neuroscience · 2025Article
- Expression and regulation of SETBP1 in the song system of male zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) during singing.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Activity of forkhead box P2-positive neurons is associated with tadpole begging behaviour.Biology letters · 2024Article
- Activity of FoxP2-positive neurons is associated with tadpole begging behavior.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Striatal Injury Induces Overall Brain Alteration at the Pallial, Thalamic, and Cerebellar Levels.Biology · 2022Article
- Inhibition of miR-128 Enhances Vocal Sequence Organization in Juvenile Songbirds.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Identification ofOpen biology · 2020Article
- Dynamic FoxP2 levels in male zebra finches are linked to morphology of adult-born Area X medium spiny neurons.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Differential Song Deficits after Lentivirus-Mediated Knockdown of FoxP1, FoxP2, or FoxP4 in Area X of Juvenile Zebra Finches.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2019Article
- Accelerated redevelopment of vocal skills is preceded by lasting reorganization of the song motor circuitry.eLife · 2019Article
- Mapping the distribution of language related genes FoxP1, FoxP2, and CntnaP2 in the brains of vocal learning bat species.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2018Article
- FoxP2 isoforms delineate spatiotemporal transcriptional networks for vocal learning in the zebra finch.eLife · 2018Article
- To transduce a zebra finch: interrogating behavioral mechanisms in a model system for speech.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2017Review
- Protein-Protein Interaction Among the FoxP Family Members and their Regulation of Two Target Genes,Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2017Article
- Talking Convergence: Growing Evidence Links FOXP2 and Retinoic Acid in Shaping Speech-Related Motor Circuitry.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2017Article
- Genoarchitecture of the extended amygdala in zebra finch, and expression of FoxP2 in cell corridors of different genetic profile.Brain structure & function · 2017Article
- The language-related transcription factor FOXP2 is post-translationally modified with small ubiquitin-like modifiers.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Neural FoxP2 and FoxP1 expression in the budgerigar, an avian species with adult vocal learning.Behavioural brain research · 2015Article
- Behavior-linked FoxP2 regulation enables zebra finch vocal learning.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2015Article
- Long-distance retinoid signaling in the zebra finch brain.PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
FOXP2 is a transcription factor functionally relevant for learned vocalizations in humans and songbirds. In songbirds, FoxP2 mRNA expression in the medium spiny neurons of the basal ganglia song nucleus Area X is developmentally regulated and varies with singing conditions in different social contexts. How individual neurons in Area X change FoxP2 expression across development and in social contexts is not known, however. Here we address this critical gap in our understanding of FoxP2 as a link between neuronal networks and behavior. We used a statistically unbiased analysis of FoxP2-immunoreactivity (FoxP2-IR) on a neuron-by-neuron basis and found a bimodal distribution of FoxP2-IR neurons in Area X: weakly-stained and intensely-stained. The density of intensely-stained FoxP2-IR neurons was 10 times higher in juveniles than in adults, exponentially decreased with age, and was negatively correlated with adult song stability. Three-week old neurons labeled with BrdU were more than five times as likely to be intensely-stained than weakly-stained. The density of FoxP2-IR putative migratory neurons with fusiform-shaped nuclei substantially decreased as birds aged. The density of intensely-stained FoxP2-IR neurons was not affected by singing whereas the density of weakly-stained FoxP2-IR neurons was. Together, these data indicate that young Area X medium spiny neurons express FoxP2 at high levels and decrease expression as they become integrated into existing neural circuits. Once integrated, levels of FoxP2 expression correlate with singing behavior. Together, these findings raise the possibility that FoxP2 levels may orchestrate song learning and song stereotypy in adults by a common mechanism.
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