Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23449306›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Drug discovery2013

The placebo response in medicine: minimize, maximize or personalize?

Paul Enck, Ulrike Bingel, Manfred Schedlowski, Winfried Rief

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Drug discovery, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 289 papers, 17 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
289citing papers in PubMed, 17 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02473185 phase4completednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

Effects of Expectation, Medication and Placebo on Objective and Self-rated Performance During the Quantified Behavior Test in Patients With Untreated ADHD

TypeinterventionalSponsorRegion VästmanlandRan2015 to 2018Enrolled40ConditionsAttention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderArmsMethylphenidate
NCT02477280 phase4completednot on this mapstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

Effects of Expectation, Medication and Placebo on Objective and Self-rated Performance During the Quantified Behavior Test in Patients With Untreated ADHD and Substance Use Disorder

TypeinterventionalSponsorRegion VästmanlandRan2016 to 2021Enrolled39ConditionsAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Substance Use DisorderArmsMethylphenidate, Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

289 citing papers in PubMed, 17 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  3. Pain, mindfulness, and placebo: a systematic review.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2024
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  15. Are Patients WithFrontiers in pharmacology · 2019
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229 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Paul EnckDepartment of Internal Medicine VI, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. paul.enck@uni-tuebingen.de
Ulrike Bingel
Manfred Schedlowski
Winfried Rief

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Our understanding of the mechanisms mediating or moderating the placebo response to medicines has grown substantially over the past decade and offers the opportunity to capitalize on its benefits in future drug development as well as in clinical practice. In this article, we discuss three strategies that could be used to modulate the placebo response, depending on which stage of the drug development process they are applied. In clinical trials the placebo effect should be minimized to optimize drug-placebo differences, thus ensuring that the efficacy of the investigational drug can be truly evaluated. Once the drug is approved and in clinical use, placebo effects should be maximized by harnessing patients' expectations and learning mechanisms to improve treatment outcomes. Finally, personalizing placebo responses - which involves considering an individual's genetic predisposition, personality, past medical history and treatment experience - could also maximize therapeutic outcomes.

Indexed as

Placebo EffectClinical Trials as TopicDrug DesignDrug DiscoveryHumansPhysician-Patient RelationsPrecision MedicineTreatment Outcome

Identifiers

PMID23449306

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.