ArticleAmerican journal of health promotion : AJHP
Associations between body mass index and park proximity, size, cleanliness, and recreational facilities.
Article in American journal of health promotion : AJHP. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association of greenspaces exposure with cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Green Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Within What Distance Does "Greenness" Best Predict Physical Health? A Systematic Review of Articles with GIS Buffer Analyses across the Lifespan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2017Pooled it
- Obesogenic environments: a systematic review of the association between the physical environment and adult weight status, the SPOTLIGHT project.BMC public health · 2014Pooled it
- Private garden exposure and public park access in relation to type-2 diabetes incidence: a UK Biobank cohort study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Distance to the nearest park and its relationship with metabolic health: A cross-sectional study in a Spanish adult cohort.Atencion primaria · 2025Article
- Park use patterns and park satisfaction before and after citywide park renovations in low-income New York City neighborhoods.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Dynamics of urban green spaces in a megacity under the green economy framework and their influencing factors: a case study of Chongqing urban area.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Inequality in urban green space benefits: Combining street greenery and park greenery.PloS one · 2022Article
- Research on the site selection of watershed public facilities as multi-use detention basin: an environmental efficiency perspective.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- Nontraditional Risk Factors for Obesity in Modern Society.Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome · 2021Review
- Socioeconomic Correlates of Obesity in African-American and Caribbean-Black Men and Women.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2021Article
- A cross-sectional study of the impact of school neighbourhood on children obesity and body composition.European journal of pediatrics · 2021Article
- ParkIndex: Validation and application of a pragmatic measure of park access and use.Preventive medicine reports · 2020Article
- Rural-urban differences in estimated life expectancy associated with neighborhood-level cumulative social and environmental determinants.Preventive medicine · 2020Article
- A NEIGHBORHOOD-LEVEL POTENTIAL HEALTH IMPACT SCORING TOOL TO SUPPORT LOCAL-LEVEL HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENTS.Cities & health · 2020Article
- Neighborhood Recreation Facilities and Facility Membership Are Jointly Associated with Objectively Measured Physical Activity.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2019Article
- Associations between types of greenery along neighborhood roads and weight status in different climates.Urban forestry & urban greening · 2019Article
- The Moving to Health (M2H) approach to natural experiment research: A paradigm shift for studies on built environment and health.SSM - population health · 2019Article
- Soda, salad, and socioeconomic status: Findings from the Seattle Obesity Study (SOS).SSM - population health · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo determine whether body mass index (BMI) is associated with proximity to neighborhood parks, the size of the parks, their cleanliness, and the availability of recreational facilities in the parks.
designCross-sectional.
settingNew York City. SUBJECTS: Adults (13,102) were recruited from 2000 to 2002 (median age 45 years, 36% male). MEASURES: Anthropometric and sociodemographic data from study subjects were linked to Department of Parks & Recreation data on park space, cleanliness, and facilities. Neighborhood-level sociodemographic and park proximity metrics were created for half-mile-radius circular buffers around each subject's residence. Proximity to park space was measured as the proportion of the subject's neighborhood buffer area that was total park space, large park space (a park > 6 acres) and small park space (a park ≤ 6 acres). Analysis. Hierarchical linear models were used to determine whether neighborhood park metrics were associated with BMI.
resultsHigher proximity to large park space was significantly associated with lower BMI (beta = -1.69, 95% confidence interval = -2.76, -.63). Across the population distribution of proximity to large park space, compared to subjects living in neighborhoods at the 10th percentile of the distribution, the covariate-adjusted average BMI was estimated to be .35 kg/m lower for those living in neighborhoods at the 90th percentile. The proportion of neighborhood area that was small park space was not associated with BMI, nor was park cleanliness or the availability of recreational facilities.
conclusionNeighborhood proximity to large park spaces is modestly associated with lower BMI in a diverse urban population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.