Trial reportPediatric blood & cancer2013
Intellectual and academic outcome following two chemotherapy regimens and radiotherapy for average-risk medulloblastoma: COG A9961.
Trial report in Pediatric blood & cancer, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Non-cancer effects after proton beam therapy for pediatric tumors- a narrative review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Questions and answers in the management of children with medulloblastoma over the time. How did we get here? A systematic review.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Article
- Lipid nanomedicine simultaneously inhibits BRD4/PI3K and MDM2/XIAP signaling pathways for effective treatment of Medulloblastoma.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Article
- Medulloblastoma in Adolescents and Young Adults (AYA): Bridging Pediatric Paradigms and Adult Oncology Practice.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Approaches to Reduce Toxicity in Pediatric Brain Tumors.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- CSF biomarkers of neurotoxicity in childhood cancer survivors after cranial radiotherapy or surgery.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2024Article
- Drivers Underlying Metastasis and Relapse in Medulloblastoma and Targeting Strategies.Cancers · 2024Review
- Associations in cell type-specific hydroxymethylation and transcriptional alterations of pediatric central nervous system tumors.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Neurocognitive function and health-related quality of life in a nationwide cohort of long-term childhood brain tumor survivors.Neuro-oncology practice · 2023Article
- Hydroxymethylation alterations in progenitor-like cell types of pediatric central nervous system tumors are associated with cell type-specific transcriptional changes.Research square · 2023Article
- Enhancing CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy for medulloblastoma using nanoparticle delivery and scRNA-seq-guided combination with sapanisertib.Science advances · 2022Article
- Educational Pain Points for Pediatric Brain Tumor Survivors: Review of Risks and Remedies.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Long-term neuropsychological outcomes of survivors of young childhood brain tumors treated on the Head Start II protocol.Neuro-oncology practice · 2021Article
- Neurocognitive impairment, employment, and social status in radiotherapy-treated adult survivors of childhood brain tumors.Neuro-oncology practice · 2021Article
- Long-term cognitive outcome in adult survivors of an early childhood posterior fossa brain tumour.International journal of clinical oncology · 2020Article
- Modern Radiotherapy for Pediatric Brain Tumors.Cancers · 2020Review
- Post-operative cerebellar mutism syndrome: rehabilitation issues.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2020Review
- Effect of sensorineural hearing loss on neurocognitive and adaptive functioning in survivors of pediatric embryonal brain tumor.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeAssess the intellectual and academic outcomes as well as risk factors associated with treatment for average-risk medulloblastoma in childhood using 23.4 Gy of craniospinal radiotherapy plus adjuvant chemotherapy.
methodsFrom an overall sample of 379 enrolled in the parent study (COG A9961), 110 patients received a total of 192 assessments over more than 5 years with standardized IQ and academic achievement tests. Random coefficient models of the various outcomes were developed that incorporated covariates including chemotherapy regimen, age at diagnosis, sex, initial Full Scale IQ, and mutism.
resultsParticipants in this study were found to be comparable to the overall sample in all demographic, disease, and treatment factors, except there were more gross total resections in the subsample undergoing intellectual and academic assessment. Major findings include significant decline in both intellectual and academic domains over time that were greater in children who were younger at diagnosis and had higher initial intelligence test scores. Children with mutism were at higher risk for initial effects on intelligence. No effects of sex were found.
conclusionThese results show progressive decline over several years post-treatment in standardized intellectual and academic scores. Despite recent improvements in therapies for these children, most notably a decrease dose of craniospinal radiation, they remain at risk. The pursuit of less toxic treatments, particularly for younger children, should continue. Neuropsychological surveillance should be routine at centers treating children with brain tumors.
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