Trial reportBMC public health2013
Determinants of vitamin a deficiency in children between 6 months and 2 years of age in Guinea-Bissau.
Trial report in BMC public health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00514891 (Evaluation of the Impact on Mortality and Morbidity of the WHO Recommended Vitamin A Supplementation at First Immunisation Contact After 6 Months of Age), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of the Impact on Mortality and Morbidity of the WHO Recommended Vitamin A Supplementation at First Immunisation Contact After 6 Months of Age
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Vitamin A and D deficiencies in Tibetan vs. non-Tibetan children: roles of altitude, gender, and season in Sichuan Province.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Influence of geographical environment on retinol-binding protein reference values in Chinese men.PloS one · 2024Article
- Geographical and sociodemographic disparities in fruit and vegetables consumption among adults in Burkina Faso: baseline results from the 2013 WHO STEPS survey.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Vitamin A supplementation coverage and its associated factors among children aged 6-59 months in West Azernet Berbere Woreda, South West Ethiopia.BMC pediatrics · 2023Article
- Factors associated with coverage of vitamin a supplementation among Bangladeshi children: mixed modelling approach.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Effects of Inflammation on Biomarkers of Vitamin A Status among a Cohort of Bolivian Infants.Nutrients · 2018Article
- Burden of disease attributable to vitamin A deficiency in Iranian population aged less than five years: findings from the global burden of disease study 2010.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2017Article
- Biomarkers for nutrient intake with focus on alternative sampling techniques.Genes & nutrition · 2016Review
- An enigma: why vitamin A supplementation does not always reduce mortality even though vitamin A deficiency is associated with increased mortality.International journal of epidemiology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) classifies Guinea-Bissau as having severe vitamin A deficiency (VAD). To date, no national survey has been conducted. We assessed vitamin A status among children in rural Guinea-Bissau to assess status and identify risk factors for VAD.
methodsIn a vitamin A supplementation trial in rural Guinea-Bissau, children aged 6 months to 2 years who were missing one or more vaccines were enrolled, vaccinated and randomized to vitamin A or placebo. Provided consent, a dried blood spot (DBS) sample was obtained from a subgroup of participants prior to supplementation. Vitamin A status and current infection was assessed by an ELISA measuring retinol-binding protein (RBP) and C-reactive protein (CRP). VAD was defined as RBP concentrations equivalent to plasma retinol <0.7 μmol/L; infection was defined as CRP >5 ml/L. In Poisson regression models providing prevalence ratios (PR), we investigated putative risk factors for VAD including sex, age, child factors, maternal factors, season (rainy: June-November; dry: December-May), geography, and use of health services.
resultsBased on DBS from 1102 children, the VAD prevalence was 65.7% (95% confidence interval 62.9-68.5), 11% higher than the WHO estimate of 54.7% (9.9-93.0). If children with infection were excluded, the prevalence was 60.2% (56.7-63.7). In the age group 9-11 months, there was no difference in prevalence of VAD among children who had received previous vaccines in a timely fashion and those who had not. Controlled for infection and other determinants of VAD, the prevalence of VAD was 1.64 (1.49-1.81) times higher in the rainy season compared to the dry, and varied up to 2-fold between ethnic groups and regions. Compared with having an inactivated vaccine as the most recent vaccine, having a live vaccine as the most recent vaccination was associated with lower prevalence of VAD (PR=0.84 (0.74-0.96)).
conclusionsThe prevalence of VAD was high in rural Guinea-Bissau. VAD varied significantly with season, ethnicity, region, and vaccination status.
trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT00514891.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.