ArticleJournal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI2013
Neuropathological correlate of the "concentric target sign" in MRI of HIV-associated cerebral toxoplasmosis.
Article in Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Granulomatous Diseases of the CNS: Aetiology, Neuroradiological Features and Clinical Findings.Clinical neuroradiology · 2026Review
- Radiological and FDG-PET imaging features of Epstein-Barr virus-positive primary central nervous system lymphomas.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Revisiting the Intracranial Neurological Imaging Manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Pictorial Review with a Pattern-Based Approach.The Indian journal of radiology & imaging · 2026Article
- Neurological Infections in HIV: A Case-Based Review for Clinicians.Le infezioni in medicina · 2026Review
- The Radiological Mimicry of Ring-Enhancing Lesions: Cerebral Toxoplasmosis Masquerading as Metastatic Disease.Cureus · 2025Article
- Massive Intracranial Lesion in an AIDS Patient: Diagnostic Challenge Between Brain Tumor and Toxoplasmic Encephalitis Resolved by Empirical Therapy.International medical case reports journal · 2025Article
- Evaluation of imaging methods in cerebral toxoplasmosis.Polish journal of radiology · 2023Review
- Concomitant giant purely intradiploic cavernous haemangioma and multifocal neurotoxoplasmosis.BMJ case reports · 2022Article
- MRI imaging features of HIV-related central nervous system diseases: diagnosis by pattern recognition in daily practice.Japanese journal of radiology · 2021Review
- Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cerebral Toxoplasmosis.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2021Review
- MR Target Sign in Cerebral Aspergillosis.The Neurohospitalist · 2020Article
- Approach to an Intracranial Mass in Patients With HIV.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2020Review
- CNS Infections in Immunoincompetent Patients : Neuroradiological and Clinical Features.Clinical neuroradiology · 2020Review
- Fulminant and Diffuse Cerebral Toxoplasmosis as the First Manifestation of HIV Infection: A Case Presentation and Review of the Literature.The American journal of case reports · 2020Review
- Metastatic Malignant Lymphoma Mimicking Cerebral Toxoplasmosis with the "Target Sign".Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2019Article
- Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis associated with acute Toxoplasma gondii infection: A case report.Medicine · 2018Article
- Audit of computed tomography brain findings in HIV-infected patients with space occupying infective lesions at a regional level hospital in KwaZulu-Natal.SAGE open medicine · 2018Article
- Concentric and Eccentric Target MRI Signs in a Case of HIV-Associated Cerebral Toxoplasmosis.Case reports in neurological medicine · 2018Article
- Article
- HIV-Related Cerebral Toxoplasmosis Revisited: Current Concepts and Controversies of an Old Disease.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareReview
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a frequent cause of focal brain lesions in the setting of immunodeficiency states, particularly acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important diagnostic modality to differentiate toxoplasmosis from tuberculoma, and primary central nervous system lymphoma with diverse therapeutic implications. Several imaging patterns have been described in cerebral toxoplasmosis. The "concentric target sign" is a recently described MRI sign on T2-weighted imaging of cerebral toxoplasmosis that has concentric alternating zones of hypo- and hyperintensities. It is believed to be more specific than the well-known "eccentric target sign" in the diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis and hence more useful in differentiation from other focal brain lesions in the context of AIDS. The concentric target sign, seen in deep parenchymal lesions, is distinct from the surface-based cortical "eccentric" target sign. The histopathological correlate of the latter has been recently described, but that of the concentric target sign is not known. In this study we describe the neuropathological correlate of this concentric target sign from the postmortem of a 40-year-old man with AIDS-associated cerebral toxoplasmosis. The concentric alternating zones of hypo/hyper/iso/intensities corresponded to zones of hemorrhage/fibrin-rich necrosis with edema/coagulative compact necrosis/inflammation with foamy histiocytes admixed with hemorrhage forming the outermost zone, respectively. The exclusive specificity of this sign in cerebral toxoplasmosis remains to be further elucidated.
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