Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23439306›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2013

A heterologous prime-boost vaccination strategy comprising the Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain capB mutant and recombinant attenuated Listeria monocytogenes expressing F. tularensis IglC induces potent protective immunity in mice against virulent F. tularensis aerosol challenge.

Qingmei Jia, Richard Bowen, Jacob Sahakian, Barbara Jane Dillon, Marcus A Horwitz

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Animal modelling with theMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2025
    Article
  3. rLVS ΔHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Comparative evaluation of protective immunity againstFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023
    Article
  6. Comparison of Lethal and Nonlethal Mouse Models ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2021
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses duringMicrobiology spectrum · 2019
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Tularemia vaccines.Folia microbiologica · 2016
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Qingmei JiaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Center for Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Richard Bowen
Jacob Sahakian
Barbara Jane Dillon
Marcus A Horwitz
Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USColorado State University · US

Funding

Women's CancersP30CA016042 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Samuel Wheeler French · 1985 to 2026
$134.5M
Virology CoreP30AI028697 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI KITCHEN, SCOTT G · 1991 to 2018
$39.9M
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Against Francisella tularensisR01AI101189 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI HORWITZ, MARCUS AARON · 2013 to 2016
$2.7M
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Against Francisella tularensisR56AI101189 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI HORWITZ, MARCUS AARON · 2012 to 2012
$709k
Development of a tularemia vaccine that is safer and more potent than LVSR56AI084908 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI HORWITZ, MARCUS AARON · 2010 to 2010
$670k
NCI NIH HHS CA016042NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016042NIAID NIH HHS AI028697NIAID NIH HHS AI084908NIAID NIH HHS AI101189NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI028697NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI101189NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI084908NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI101189
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is a category A bioterrorism agent. A vaccine that is safer and more effective than the currently available unlicensed F. tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS) is needed to protect against intentional release of aerosolized F. tularensis, the most dangerous type of exposure. In this study, we employed a heterologous prime-boost vaccination strategy comprising intradermally administered LVS ΔcapB (highly attenuated capB-deficient LVS mutant) as the primer vaccine and rLm/iglC (recombinant attenuated Listeria monocytogenes expressing the F. tularensis immunoprotective antigen IglC) as the booster vaccine. Boosting LVS ΔcapB-primed mice with rLm/iglC significantly enhanced T cell immunity; their splenic T cells secreted significantly more gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and had significantly more cytokine (IFN-γ and/or tumor necrosis factor [TNF] and/or interleukin-2 [IL-2])-producing CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells upon in vitro IglC stimulation. Importantly, mice primed with LVS ΔcapB or rLVS ΔcapB/IglC, boosted with rLm/iglC, and subsequently challenged with 10 50% lethal doses (LD50) of aerosolized highly virulent F. tularensis Schu S4 had a significantly higher survival rate and mean survival time than mice immunized with only LVS ΔcapB (P < 0.0001); moreover, compared with mice immunized once with LVS, primed-boosted mice had a higher survival rate (75% versus 62.5%) and mean survival time during the first 21 days postchallenge (19 and 20 days for mice boosted after being primed with LVS ΔcapB and rLVS ΔcapB/IglC, respectively, versus 17 days for mice immunized with LVS) and maintained their weight significantly better (P < 0.01). Thus, the LVS ΔcapB-rLm/iglC prime-boost vaccination strategy holds substantial promise for a vaccine that is safer and at least as potent as LVS.

Indexed as

Bacterial VaccinesAerosolsAnalysis of VarianceAnimalsCytokinesFemaleFrancisella tularensisImmunity, CellularImmunization, SecondaryImmunoglobulin GListeria monocytogenesMiceMice, Inbred BALB CSpleenSurvival RateT-LymphocytesAerosolsBacterial VaccinesCytokinesImmunoglobulin GVaccines, AttenuatedVaccines, Synthetic

Identifiers

PMID23439306
PMCPMC3647989
OpenAlexW2044452684

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.