ArticlePloS one2013
Spatial-temporal clusters and risk factors of hand, foot, and mouth disease at the district level in Guangdong Province, China.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Epidemiology of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in Asia: A Systematic Review and Analysis.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2016Pooled it
- Seroprevalence of Enterovirus 71 Antibody Among Children in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2015Pooled it
- Influencing factors of hand, foot, and mouth disease based on structural equation modeling in Hubei, China.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Epidemiology of childhood enterovirus infections in Hangzhou, China, 2019-2023.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Epidemiology and etiology of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Zhengzhou, China, from 2009 to 2021.Infectious medicine · 2024Article
- Spatiotemporal patterns and risk mapping of provincial hand, foot, and mouth disease in mainland China, 2014-2017.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Spatiotemporal analysis of tuberculosis in the Hunan Province, China, 2014-2022.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Epidemiological characteristics, spatial clusters and monthly incidence prediction of hand, foot and mouth disease from 2017 to 2022 in Shanxi Province, China.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Article
- Assessing the impact of COVID-19 interventions on the hand, foot and mouth disease in Guangdong Province, China: a Bayesian modeling study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Epidemiological Characteristics of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease Reinfection in Guangzhou, Southern China from 2012 to 2017.Iranian journal of public health · 2022Article
- Reclaiming independence in spatial-clustering datasets: A series of data-driven spatial weights matrices.Statistics in medicine · 2022Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Overview in Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease Using Real-World Evidence Based on Hospital Information System.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Spatiotemporal cluster patterns of hand, foot, and mouth disease at the province level in mainland China, 2011-2018.PloS one · 2022Article
- Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease and Their Influencing Factors in Urumqi, China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Spatiotemporal characteristics and meteorological determinants of hand, foot and mouth disease in Shaanxi Province, China: a county-level analysis.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease and Its Response to Climate Factors in the Ili River Valley Region of China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Effect of climate factors on the incidence of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Malaysia: A generalized additive mixed model.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2021Article
- Spatial and spatio-temporal analysis of malaria cases in Zimbabwe.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2020Article
- Influence of temperature and humidity on hand, foot, and mouth disease in Guangzhou, 2013-2017.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Article
- The epidemiological risk factors of hand, foot, mouth disease among children in Singapore: A retrospective case-control study.PloS one · 2020Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) has posed a great threat to the health of children and become a public health priority in China. This study aims to investigate the epidemiological characteristics, spatial-temporal patterns, and risk factors of HFMD in Guangdong Province, China, and to provide scientific information for public health responses and interventions.
methodsHFMD surveillance data from May 2008 to December 2011were provided by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. We firstly conducted a descriptive analysis to evaluate the epidemic characteristics of HFMD. Then, Kulldorff scan statistic based on a discrete Poisson model was used to detect spatial-temporal clusters. Finally, a spatial paneled model was applied to identify the risk factors.
resultsA total of 641,318 HFMD cases were reported in Guangdong Province during the study period (total population incidence: 17.51 per 10,000). Male incidence was higher than female incidence for all age groups, and approximately 90% of the cases were children [Formula: see text] years old. Spatial-temporal cluster analysis detected four most likely clusters and several secondary clusters (P<0.001) with the maximum cluster size 50% and 20% respectively during 2008-2011. Monthly average temperature, relative humidity, the proportion of population [Formula: see text] years, male-to-female ratio, and total sunshine were demonstrated to be the risk factors for HFMD.
conclusionChildren [Formula: see text] years old, especially boys, were more susceptible to HFMD and we should take care of their vulnerability. Provincial capital city Guangzhou and the Pearl River Delta regions had always been the spatial-temporal clusters and future public health planning and resource allocation should be focused on these areas. Furthermore, our findings showed a strong association between HFMD and meteorological factors, which may assist in predicting HFMD incidence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.