Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23436794›Full record

ArticleCancer research2013

Localized immunotherapy via liposome-anchored Anti-CD137 + IL-2 prevents lethal toxicity and elicits local and systemic antitumor immunity.

Brandon Kwong, S Annie Gai, Jamal Elkhader, K Dane Wittrup, Darrell J Irvine

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
87citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.1field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

87 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 195 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Extracellular vesicle surface display enhances the therapeutic efficacy and safety profile of cancer immunotherapy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024
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27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Brandon KwongKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
S Annie Gai
Jamal Elkhader
K Dane Wittrup
Darrell J Irvine
Howard Hughes Medical Institute · USHarvard University · USMassachusetts Institute of Technology · USRagon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard · US

Funding

VIRUS PRODUCTION COREP30CA014051 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI Michael Birnbaum · 1985 to 2026
$93.9M
Localizing Immunotherapy to Improve Therapeutic IndexR01CA174795 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI WITTRUP, KARL DANE · 2013 to 2017
$2.0M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNCI NIH HHS P30 CA014051NCI NIH HHS R01 CA174795
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunostimulatory agonists such as anti-CD137 and interleukin (IL)-2 have elicited potent antitumor immune responses in preclinical studies, but their clinical use is limited by inflammatory toxicities that result upon systemic administration. We hypothesized that by rigorously restricting the biodistribution of immunotherapeutic agents to a locally accessible lesion and draining lymph node(s), effective local and systemic antitumor immunity could be achieved in the absence of systemic toxicity. We anchored anti-CD137 and an engineered IL-2Fc fusion protein to the surfaces of PEGylated liposomes, whose physical size permitted dissemination in the tumor parenchyma and tumor-draining lymph nodes but blocked entry into the systemic circulation following intratumoral injection. In the B16F10 melanoma model, intratumoral liposome-coupled anti-CD137 + IL-2Fc therapy cured a majority of established primary tumors while avoiding the lethal inflammatory toxicities caused by equivalent intratumoral doses of soluble immunotherapy. Immunoliposome therapy induced protective antitumor memory and elicited systemic antitumor immunity that significantly inhibited the growth of simultaneously established distal tumors. Tumor inhibition was CD8(+) T-cell-dependent and was associated with increased CD8(+) T-cell infiltration in both treated and distal tumors, enhanced activation of tumor antigen-specific T cells in draining lymph nodes, and a reduction in regulatory T cells in treated tumors. These data suggest that local nanoparticle-anchored delivery of immuno-agonists represents a promising strategy to improve the therapeutic window and clinical applicability of highly potent but otherwise intolerable regimens of cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Res; 73(5); 1547-58. ©2012 AACR.

Indexed as

Adoptive TransferAnimalsCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCell Line, TumorImmunoconjugatesImmunotherapyInjections, IntralesionalInterleukin-2LiposomesLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMelanoma, ExperimentalMiceMice, Inbred C57BLTumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9ImmunoconjugatesInterleukin-2LiposomesTumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9

Identifiers

PMID23436794
PMCPMC3594475
OpenAlexW2162681066

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.