ReviewViruses2013
Learning from the messengers: innate sensing of viruses and cytokine regulation of immunity - clues for treatments and vaccines.
Review in Viruses, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tailoring virus-inspired nanoparticles for advanced drug and gene delivery.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- TARDBP as a regulator of HIV-1 assembly and infection: a review of targeting the viral capsid precursor Pr55Gag and limiting viral core entry.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Viral warriors: Unlocking the immune system's potential with oncolytic viruses in cancer immunotherapy.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Review
- X-linked polymorphisms in TLR7 and TLR8 genes are associated with protection against Chikungunya fever.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2025Article
- Antiviral Functions of Type I and Type III Interferons in the Olfactory Epithelium.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- The Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Lb Protease Cleaves Intracellular Transcription Factors STAT1 and STAT2 to Antagonize IFN-β-Induced Signaling.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Oncolytic immunovirotherapy for high-grade gliomas: A novel and an evolving therapeutic option.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein enhances the oncolytic activity of the vesicular stomatitis virus.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Engineering complexity in human tissue models of cancer.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2022Review
- Engineering strategies to enhance oncolytic viruses in cancer immunotherapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Review
- Immunovirotherapy: The role of antibody based therapeutics combination with oncolytic viruses.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Oncolytic viruses for triple negative breast cancer and beyond.Biomarker research · 2021Review
- Evolution of Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist therapeutics and their delivery approaches: From antiviral formulations to vaccine adjuvants.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2021Review
- Immunity, virus evolution, and effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2021Review
- Mechanisms of Innate Immune Activation by a Hybrid Alphavirus-Rhabdovirus Vaccine Platform.Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2020Article
- Increase in liver γδ T cells with concurrent augmentation of IFN-β production during the early stages of a mouse model of acute experimental hepatitis B virus infection.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Article
- Oncolytic Viruses: Priming Time for Cancer Immunotherapy.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2019Review
- Acetalated Dextran Microparticles for Codelivery of STING and TLR7/8 Agonists.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2018Article
- The Interplay between Human Cytomegalovirus and Pathogen Recognition Receptor Signaling.Viruses · 2018Review
- Prospects in Innate Immune Responses as Potential Control Strategies against Non-Primate Lentiviruses.Viruses · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Virus infections are a major global public health concern, and only via substantial knowledge of virus pathogenesis and antiviral immune responses can we develop and improve medical treatments, and preventive and therapeutic vaccines. Innate immunity and the shaping of efficient early immune responses are essential for control of viral infections. In order to trigger an efficient antiviral defense, the host senses the invading microbe via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), recognizing distinct conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The innate sensing of the invading virus results in intracellular signal transduction and subsequent production of interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. Cytokines, including IFNs and chemokines, are vital molecules of antiviral defense regulating cell activation, differentiation of cells, and, not least, exerting direct antiviral effects. Cytokines shape and modulate the immune response and IFNs are principle antiviral mediators initiating antiviral response through induction of antiviral proteins. In the present review, I describe and discuss the current knowledge on early virus-host interactions, focusing on early recognition of virus infection and the resulting expression of type I and type III IFNs, proinflammatory cytokines, and intracellular antiviral mediators. In addition, the review elucidates how targeted stimulation of innate sensors, such as toll-like receptors (TLRs) and intracellular RNA and DNA sensors, may be used therapeutically. Moreover, I present and discuss data showing how current antimicrobial therapies, including antibiotics and antiviral medication, may interfere with, or improve, immune response.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.