ReviewMarine drugs2013
Jellyfish stings and their management: a review.
Review in Marine drugs, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 224 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for the symptoms and signs resulting from jellyfish stings.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Guidelines for Bystander First Aid 2016.Singapore medical journal · 2017Guideline
- Heated Debates: Hot-Water Immersion or Ice Packs as First Aid for Cnidarian Envenomations?Toxins · 2016Pooled it
- Delayed papular dermatitis after a jellyfish sting.Dermatology reports · 2026Article
- Envenomations, stings, and traumas caused by marine invertebrates: from scientific facts to a forensic vision towards sustainable health and conservation strategies: a review.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- The 'jimble', a southern Australia box jellyfish,Toxicon: X · 2026Article
- A Review of the Chemical Properties, Mechanisms of Action, and Structure-Activity Relationships of Jellyfish Toxins.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Clinico-Dermoscopic Report of Jellyfish Dermatitis ( Lobonemoides Robustus )-Two Cases in the Same Family.Indian dermatology online journal · 2026Article
- Vascular insufficiency in the extremities following jellyfish-sting envenomation in Malaysia.Toxicon: X · 2026Article
- Targeting marine jellyfish toxins: development of metalloproteinase inhibitors through a specific method for protease substrate identification.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Emergency Department Presentations for Jellyfish Stings in Southern China: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Pain Severity and Treatment Timing.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Jellyfish Venom-Induced Cardiotoxicity and Immune Responses: Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Strategies.Marine drugs · 2025Review
- Review
- Article
- Review
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- Homosalate and ERK Knockdown in the Modulation ofCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Proteomic Analysis and Biochemical Characterization of the Nematocyst Extract of the HydrozoanMarine drugs · 2024Article
- Comparative Analysis of Tentacle Extract and Nematocyst Venom: Toxicity, Mechanism, and Potential Intervention in the Giant JellyfishMarine drugs · 2024Article
- Jellyfish Stings: A Review of Skin Symptoms, Pathophysiology, and Management.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2024Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Jellyfish (cnidarians) have a worldwide distribution. Despite most being harmless, some species may cause local and also systemic reactions. Treatment of jellyfish envenomation is directed at: alleviating the local effects of venom, preventing further nematocyst discharges and controlling systemic reactions, including shock. In severe cases, the most important step is stabilizing and maintaining vital functions. With some differences between species, there seems to be evidence and consensus on oral/topical analgesics, hot water and ice packs as effective painkillers and on 30 s application of domestic vinegar (4%-6% acetic acid) to prevent further discharge of unfired nematocysts remaining on the skin. Conversely, alcohol, methylated spirits and fresh water should be carefully avoided, since they could massively discharge nematocysts; pressure immobilization bandaging should also be avoided, as laboratory studies show that it stimulates additional venom discharge from nematocysts. Most treatment approaches are presently founded on relatively weak evidence; therefore, further research (especially randomized clinical trials) is strongly recommended. Dissemination of appropriate treatment modalities should be deployed to better inform and educate those at risk. Adequate signage should be placed at beaches to notify tourists of the jellyfish risk. Swimmers in risky areas should wear protective equipment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.