ArticleJournal of substance abuse treatment
Forced withdrawal from methadone maintenance therapy in criminal justice settings: a critical treatment barrier in the United States.
Article in Journal of substance abuse treatment. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of medication assisted treatment for opioid use in prison and jail settings: A meta-analysis and systematic review.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2019Pooled it
- The SOMATICS collaborative: Introduction to a National Institute on Drug Abuse cooperative study of pharmacotherapy for opioid treatment in criminal justice settings.Contemporary clinical trials · 2016Trial
- Methadone continuation versus forced withdrawal on incarceration in a combined US prison and jail: a randomised, open-label trial.Lancet (London, England) · 2015Trial
- Feasibility and Effectiveness of Continuing Methadone Maintenance Treatment During Incarceration Compared With Forced Withdrawal.Journal of addiction medicineTrial
- "They won't prosecute, but they will though:" the continuing struggle between criminalization and harm reduction within the criminal justice system in the context of an opioid overdose crisis.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Pilot of Methadone for Recently Incarcerated People with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Opioid Use in South Africa.Journal of correctional health care : the official journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care · 2025Article
- Provision of health care services related to substance use disorder in southern U.S. jails.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2024Article
- Estimated Costs and Outcomes Associated With Use and Nonuse of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder During Incarceration and at Release in Massachusetts.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Availability of best practices for opioid use disorder in jails and related training and resource needs: findings from a national interview study of jails in heavily impacted counties in the U.S.Health & justice · 2022Article
- Strategies to improve implementation of medications for opioid use disorder reported by veterans involved in the legal system: A qualitative study.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2021Article
- The Transitions Clinic Network: Post Incarceration Addiction Treatment, Healthcare, and Social Support (TCN-PATHS): A hybrid type-1 effectiveness trial of enhanced primary care to improve opioid use disorder treatment outcomes following release from jail.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2021Article
- The impact of the opioid crisis on U.S. state prison systems.Health & justice · 2021Article
- A Scoping Review of Barriers and Facilitators to Implementation of Medications for Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder within the Criminal Justice System.The International journal on drug policy · 2020Article
- Characterization of diverted buprenorphine use among adults entering corrections-based drug treatment in Kentucky.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Article
- The Accessibility of Opioid Agonist Treatment and Its Forced Discontinuation in Swiss Prisons-Attitudes, Perceptions and Experiences of Defense Lawyers in Dealing With Detained Persons Using Opioids.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
- A conceptual model for understanding post-release opioid-related overdose risk.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2019Review
- Understanding interactions of formerly incarcerated HIV-positive men and transgender women with substance use treatment, medical, and criminal justice systems.The International journal on drug policy · 2017Article
- Update on Barriers to Pharmacotherapy for Opioid Use Disorders.Current psychiatry reports · 2017Review
- Optimizing continuity of care throughout incarceration: case and opportunities.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2015Article
- Policy implementation of methadone maintenance treatment and HIV infection: evidence from Hubei province, China.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The World Health Organization classifies methadone as an essential medicine, yet methadone maintenance therapy remains widely unavailable in criminal justice settings throughout the United States. Methadone maintenance therapy is often terminated at the time of incarceration, with inmates forced to withdraw from this evidence-based therapy. We assessed whether these forced withdrawal policies deter opioid-dependent individuals in the community from engaging methadone maintenance therapy in two states that routinely force inmates to withdraw from methadone (N = 205). Nearly half of all participants reported that concern regarding forced methadone withdrawal during incarceration deterred them engaging methadone maintenance therapy in the community. Participants in the state where more severe methadone withdrawal procedures are used during incarceration were more likely to report concern regarding forced withdrawal as a treatment deterrent. Methadone withdrawal policies in the criminal justice system may be a broader treatment deterrent for opioid-dependent individuals than previously realized. Redressing this treatment barrier is both a health and human rights imperative.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.