Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23433099›Full record

ArticleParasites & vectors2013

Blastocystis infection in Malaysia: evidence of waterborne and human-to-human transmissions among the Proto-Malay, Negrito and Senoi tribes of Orang Asli.

Tengku Shahrul Anuar, Mohamed Kamel Abdul Ghani, Siti Nor Azreen, Fatmah Md Salleh, Norhayati Moktar

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Parasites & vectors, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Crossing the species barrier: Bidirectional transmission ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. An Update onMicroorganisms · 2024
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Predominance of theOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024
    Article
  9. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Epidemiology of HumanTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. The Coexistence ofBiology · 2021
    Review
  13. Blastocystis and Clostridioides difficile: Evidence for a Synergistic Role in Colonization Among IBD Patients with Emphasis on Ulcerative Colitis.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2021
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Frontiers in microbiology · 2021
    Article
  17. Article
  18. The first molecular detection ofParasite epidemiology and control · 2020
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Tengku Shahrul AnuarDepartment of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Mohamed Kamel Abdul Ghani
Siti Nor Azreen
Fatmah Md Salleh
Norhayati Moktar
National University of Malaysia · MY

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBlastocystis has been described as the most common intestinal parasite in humans and has an increased impact on public health. However, the transmission of this parasite has not been conclusively determined.

methodsTo contribute to a better comprehension of the epidemiology of this infection, a cross-sectional survey aimed at providing the first documented data on the prevalence and risk factors associated with Blastocystis infection was carried out among three Orang Asli tribes (Proto-Malay, Negrito and Senoi) in selected villages at Negeri Sembilan, Perak and Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia. Faecal samples were examined by formalin-ether sedimentation and trichrome staining techniques.

resultsOf 500 individuals, 20.4% (102) were detected positive for Blastocystis; 13.3% (20/150) of Proto-Malays, 21.6% (30/139) of Negritos and 24.7% (52/211) of Senois were positive for Blastocystis, respectively. The positive cases showed a decrease with increasing age and most of the positive cases were observed in individuals less than 15 years old. Multivariate analysis confirmed that drinking untreated water and the presence of other family members infected with Blastocystis were significant risk factors of infection among the three tribes and overall population studied.

conclusionEssentially, the findings highlighted that Blastocystis infection is prevalent among Orang Asli communities in Malaysia. Further studies using molecular approaches to distinguish the subtype of Blastocystis is needed. The present study also revealed that this infection may be transmitted through waterborne and human-to-human contact. Therefore, interventions with the provision of clean water supply for the communities and health education especially to the parents are urgently required.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedBlastocystisBlastocystis InfectionsChildChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesFecesFemaleHumansMalaysiaMaleMicroscopyMiddle AgedParasitology

Identifiers

PMID23433099
PMCPMC3584727
OpenAlexW2148349767

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.