Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23431146›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013

Altered temporal response of malaria parasites determines differential sensitivity to artemisinin.

Nectarios Klonis, Stanley C Xie, James M McCaw, Maria P Crespo-Ortiz, Sophie G Zaloumis, Julie A Simpson, Leann Tilley

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 126 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
126citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
20.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

126 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 217 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Single-cell transcriptional changes of artemisinin-sensitive K13Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Article
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  8. Isolation and characterization ofAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025
    Article
  9. Artemisinin pressure in field isolates can select highly resistantAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Artemisinin-resistant malaria.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
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  15. A fast-acting inhibitor of blood-stagebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
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66 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Nectarios KlonisDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-Ray Science, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Stanley C Xie
James M McCaw
Maria P Crespo-Ortiz
Sophie G Zaloumis
Julie A Simpson
Leann Tilley
University of Melbourne · AUAustralian Research Council · AUMurdoch Children's Research Institute · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Reports of emerging resistance to first-line artemisinin antimalarials make it critical to define resistance mechanisms and identify in vitro correlates of resistance. Here we combine unique in vitro experimental and analytical approaches to mimic in vivo drug exposure in an effort to provide insight into mechanisms of drug resistance. Tightly synchronized parasites exposed to short drug pulses exhibit large stage-dependent differences in their drug response that correlate with hemoglobin digestion throughout most of the asexual cycle. As a result, ring-stage parasites can exhibit >100-fold lower sensitivity to short drug pulses than trophozoites, although we identify a subpopulation of rings (2-4 h postinvasion) that exhibits hypersensitivity. We find that laboratory strains that show little differences in drug sensitivity in standard in vitro assays exhibit substantial (>95-fold) difference in sensitivity when exposed to short drug pulses. These stage- and strain-dependent differences in drug sensitivity reflect differential response lag times with rings exhibiting lag times of up to 4 h. A simple model that assumes that the parasite experiences a saturable effective drug dose describes the complex dependence of parasite viability on both drug concentration and exposure time and is used to demonstrate that small changes in the parasite's drug response profile can dramatically alter the sensitivity to artemisinins. This work demonstrates that effective resistance can arise from the interplay between the short in vivo half-life of the drug and the stage-specific lag time and provides the framework for understanding the mechanisms of drug action and parasite resistance.

Indexed as

Models, BiologicalArtemisininsDrug ResistanceLactonesPlasmodium falciparumSpecies SpecificityartemisinArtemisininsLactones

Identifiers

PMID23431146
PMCPMC3612604
OpenAlexW2047565128

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.