Trial reportNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2013
Treatment for tobacco dependence: effect on brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptor density.
Trial report in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01721473 (Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Density and Veteran Cigarette Smokers), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Density and Veteran Cigarette Smokers
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Antidepressants for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Tobacco smoking and dopaminergic function in humans: a meta-analysis of molecular imaging studies.Psychopharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Chronic cigarette smoking is linked with structural alterations in brain regions showing acute nicotinic drug-induced functional modulations.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2016Pooled it
- Combination Extended Smoking Cessation Treatment Plus Home Visits for Smokers With Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2017Trial
- Brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptor availability and response to smoking cessation treatment: a randomized trial.JAMA psychiatry · 2014Trial
- Antidepressants for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
- Cholinergic system adaptations are associated with cognitive function in people recently abstinent from smoking: a (-)-[Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Cholinergic receptor binding in unimpaired older adults, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease dementia.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022Article
- Bidirectional Associations among Nicotine and Tobacco Smoke, NeuroHIV, and Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2020Review
- The epidemiology of lung cancer.Translational lung cancer research · 2018Review
- Decreased Nicotinic Receptor Availability in Smokers with Slow Rates of Nicotine Metabolism.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2015Article
- Review
- Preparation, Optimization, and Screening of the Effect of Processing Variables on Agar Nanospheres Loaded with Bupropion HCl by a D-Optimal Design.BioMed research international · 2015Article
- Targeting brain α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in Alzheimer's disease: rationale and current status.CNS drugs · 2014Review
- Changes in the α4β2* nicotinic acetylcholine system during chronic controlled alcohol exposure in nonhuman primates.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2014Article
- Transcranial direct current stimulation reduces negative affect but not cigarette craving in overnight abstinent smokers.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cigarette smoking leads to upregulation of brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), including the common α4β2* nAChR subtype. Although a substantial percentage of smokers receive treatment for tobacco dependence with counseling and/or medication, the effect of a standard course of these treatments on nAChR upregulation has not yet been reported. In the present study, 48 otherwise healthy smokers underwent positron emission tomography (PET) scanning with the radiotracer 2-FA (for labeling α4β2* nAChRs) before and after treatment with either cognitive-behavioral therapy, bupropion HCl, or pill placebo. Specific binding volume of distribution (VS/fP), a measure proportional to α4β2* nAChR density, was determined for regions known to have nAChR upregulation with smoking (prefrontal cortex, brainstem, and cerebellum). In the overall study sample, significant decreases in VS/fP were found for the prefrontal cortex, brainstem, and cerebellum of -20 (±35), -25 (±36), and -25 (±31)%, respectively, which represented movement of VS/fP values toward values found in non-smokers (mean 58.2% normalization of receptor levels). Participants who quit smoking had significantly greater reductions in VS/fP across regions than non-quitters, and correlations were found between reductions in cigarettes per day and decreases in VS/fP for brainstem and cerebellum, but there was no between-group effect of treatment type. Thus, smoking reduction and cessation with commonly used treatments (and pill placebo) lead to decreased α4β2* nAChR densities across brain regions. Study findings could prove useful in the treatment of smokers by providing encouragement with the knowledge that decreased smoking leads to normalization of specific brain receptors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.