ArticleReproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)2013
Complement C3 and decay-accelerating factor expression levels are modulated by human chorionic gonadotropin in endometrial compartments during the implantation window.
Article in Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intrauterine human chorionic gonadotropin infusion in oocyte donors promotes endometrial synchrony and induction of early decidual markers for stromal survival: a randomized clinical trial.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2016Trial
- Effect of intrauterine injection of human chorionic gonadotropin before embryo transfer on clinical pregnancy rates from in vitro fertilisation cycles: a prospective study.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2014Trial
- Differential Expression of Complement Pathway Components in Unexplained Infertility Versus Male Factor Infertility: Insights from an Exploratory Pilot Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Embryo Cryopreservation Strategy May Improve Live Birth for Women Underwent In Vitro Maturation After Early Oocyte Retrieval: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Function of immune cells and effector molecules of the innate immune system in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in mammals - A review.Animal bioscience · 2024Article
- Embryo-endometrial interaction associated with the location of the embryo during the mobility phase in mares.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Alternative pathway activation in pregnancy, a measured amount "complements" a successful pregnancy, too much results in adverse events.Immunological reviews · 2023Review
- Human Chorionic Gonadotropin and Early Embryogenesis: Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- "Iron triangle" of regulating the uterine microecology: Endometrial microbiota, immunity and endometrium.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Article
- Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin: New Pleiotropic Functions for an "Old" Hormone During Pregnancy.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Mitigating placental injuries through up-regulating DAF in experimental APS mice: new mechanism of progesterone.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2019Article
- Human Chorionic Gonadotropin as a Pivotal Endocrine Immune Regulator Initiating and Preserving Fetal Tolerance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- Serum estradiol levels in controlled ovarian stimulation directly affect the endometrium.Journal of molecular endocrinology · 2017Article
- Impact of Intrauterine Administration of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin before Intrauterine Insemination in Infertile Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of human reproductive sciencesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The control of complement activation in the embryo-maternal environment has been demonstrated to be critical for embryo survival. Complement proteins are expressed in the human endometrium; however, the modulation of this expression by embryo signals has not been explored. To assess the expression of complement proteins in response to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), we designed an experimental study using in vivo and in vitro models. Twelve fertile women were treated with hCG or left untreated during the mid-luteal phase, and an endometrial biopsy was performed 24 hours later. The localizations of C3, membrane cofactor protein (MCP; CD46), decay-accelerating factor (DAF; CD55), and protectin (CD59) were assessed by immunohistochemistry, and the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of these proteins were quantified by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in cells harvested from endometrial compartments using laser capture microdissection. Endometrial explants were cultured with or without hCG for 24 hours, and the C3 and DAF protein levels were measured by Western blotting. Elevated C3 mRNA levels in stromal cells and elevated DAF levels in epithelial luminal cells were detected after hCG treatment. In the endometrial explant model, the progesterone receptor antagonist RU486 inhibited the increases in the levels of C3 and DAF in response to hCG. The findings of this study indicate that hCG plays a role in embryo-endometrium communication and affects the expression of complement proteins in endometrial compartments during the implantation window.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.