Trial reportJournal of clinical pharmacology2013
Population pharmacodynamics of IPX066: an oral extended-release capsule formulation of carbidopa-levodopa, and immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease.
Trial report in Journal of clinical pharmacology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of an oral extended-release capsule formulation of carbidopa-levodopa (IPX066) with immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet(®)), sustained-release carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet(®) CR), and carbidopa-levodopa-entacapone (Stalevo(®)).Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2015Trial
- Population pharmacokinetic analyses comparing immediate-release levodopa/carbidopa, controlled-release levodopa/carbidopa, and IPX203. Findings from a phase 1 study in healthy volunteers.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Article
- A computational pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic framework for simulating and comparing individualized levodopa dosing in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Extended-release oral capsule of carbidopa-levodopa in Parkinson disease.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2018Review
- Levodopa in Parkinson's Disease: Current Status and Future Developments.Current neuropharmacology · 2018Review
- Pharmacokinetics of RytaryClinical pharmacokinetics · 2017Review
- Application of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Product Life Cycle Management. A Case Study with a Carbidopa-Levodopa Extended-Release Formulation.The AAPS journal · 2017Review
- Novel Levodopa Formulations for Parkinson's Disease.CNS drugs · 2016Review
- Novel Approaches to Optimization of Levodopa Therapy for Parkinson's Disease.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2016Review
- Carbidopa/Levodopa ER Capsules (Rytary(®), Numient™): A Review in Parkinson's Disease.CNS drugs · 2016Review
- Current Pharmaceutical Treatments and Alternative Therapies of Parkinson's Disease.Current neuropharmacology · 2016Review
- Eryptosis as a marker of Parkinson's disease.Aging · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A pharmacodynamic model is presented to describe the motor effects (tapping rate, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale [UPDRS] Part III, and investigator-rating of ON/OFF, including dyskinesia) of levodopa (LD) in patients with advanced idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) treated with immediate-release (IR) carbidopa-levodopa (CD-LD) or an extended-release (ER) formulation of CD-LD (IPX066). Twenty-seven patients participated in this open-label, randomized, single- and multiple-dose, crossover study. The pharmacodynamic models included a biophase effect site with a sigmoid E(max) transduction for tapping and UPDRS and an ordered categorical model for dyskinesia. The pharmacodynamics of LD was characterized by a conduction function with a half-life of 0.59 hours for tapping rate, and 0.4 hours for UPDRS Part III and dyskinesia. The LD concentration for half-maximal effect was 1530 ng/mL, 810 ng/mL, and 600 ng/mL for tapping rate, UPDRS Part III, and dyskinesia, respectively. The sigmoidicity of the transduction was 1.53, 2.5, and 2.1 for tapping rate, UPDRS Part III, and dyskinesia, respectively. External validation of the pharmacodynamic model using tapping rate indicated good performance of the model.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.