ArticleTranslational psychiatry2013
Decreased cortical muscarinic M1 receptors in schizophrenia are associated with changes in gene promoter methylation, mRNA and gene targeting microRNA.
Article in Translational psychiatry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05105542 (Muscarinic M1 Receptor Availability and Cognition in Schizophrenia), which is not on this map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Muscarinic M1 Receptor Availability and Cognition in Schizophrenia
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cholinergic system in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Identifying the differentially expressed peripheral blood microRNAs in psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Epigenetic mechanisms in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders: a systematic review of empirical human findings.Molecular psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Lower Muscarinic MBiological psychiatry · 2026Article
- Beyond dopamine blockade: mechanistic humility and the rise of muscarinic, TAAR1, and glutamatergic pathways in schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Targeting muscarinic receptors in schizophrenia treatment: Novel antipsychotic xanomeline/trospium chloride.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- From theory to therapy: unlocking the potential of muscarinic receptor activation in schizophrenia with the dual M1/M4 muscarinic receptor agonist xanomeline and trospium chloride and insights from clinical trials.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Investigating the Therapeutic Mechanisms of Total Saikosaponins in Alzheimer's Disease: A Metabolomic and Proteomic Approach.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Potential of olfactory neuroepithelial cells as a model to study schizophrenia: A focus on GPCRs (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2024Review
- A growing understanding of the role of muscarinic receptors in the molecular pathology and treatment of schizophrenia.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Abnormal synaptic plasticity and impaired cognition in schizophrenia.World journal of psychiatry · 2022Review
- Cholinergic blockade of neuroinflammation: from tissue to RNA regulators.Neuronal signaling · 2022Review
- Moderate Folic Acid Supplementation in Pregnant Mice Results in Altered Sex-Specific Gene Expression in Brain of Young Mice and Embryos.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Drug Design Targeting the Muscarinic Receptors and the Implications in Central Nervous System Disorders.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Markers of muscarinic deficit for individualized treatment in schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Magnolol upregulates CHRM1 to attenuate Amyloid-β-triggered neuronal injury through regulating the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway.Journal of natural medicines · 2022Article
- Association of childhood traumatization and neuropsychiatric outcomes with altered plasma micro RNA-levels.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2019Article
- Dysregulation of miRNA and its potential therapeutic application in schizophrenia.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2018Review
- Positive allosteric modulation of MNeuropharmacology · 2018Review
- Non-Coding RNA as Novel Players in the Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia.Non-coding RNA · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many studies have shown decreased cortical muscarinic M1 receptors (CHRM1) in schizophrenia (Sz), with one study showing Sz can be separated into two populations based on a marked loss of CHRM1 (-75%) in -25% of people (Def-Sz) with the disorder. To better understand the mechanism contributing to the loss of CHRM1 in Def-Sz, we measured specific markers of gene expression in the cortex of people with Sz as a whole, people differentiated into Def-Sz and people with Sz that do not have a deficit in cortical CHRM1 (Non-Def-Sz) and health controls. We now report that cortical CHRM1 gene promoter methylation and CHRM1 mRNA are decrease in Sz, Def-Sz and Non-Def-Sz but levels of the micro RNA (miR)-107, a CHRM1 targeting miR, are increased only in Def-Sz. We also report in vitro data strongly supporting the notion that miR-107 levels regulate CHRM1 expression. These data suggest there is a reversal of the expected inverse relationship between gene promoter methylation and CHRM1 mRNA in people with Sz and that a breakdown in gene promoter methylation control of CHRM1 expression is contributing to the global pathophysiology of the syndrome. In addition, our data argues that increased levels of at least one miR, miR-107, is contributing to the marked loss of cortical CHRM1 in Def-Sz and this may be a differentiating pathophysiology. These latter data continue to support the hypothesis that microRNAs (miRNA) have a role in the underlying neurobiology of Sz but argue they are differentially affected in subsets of people within that syndrome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.