ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2013
BET protein function is required for inflammation: Brd2 genetic disruption and BET inhibitor JQ1 impair mouse macrophage inflammatory responses.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03655704 (Apabetalone for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension), which is not on this map. Cited by 235 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Apabetalone for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: a Pilot Study
Who cites it
235 citing papers in PubMed, 421 citations in OpenAlex.
- A randomized study of the safety and pharmacokinetics of GSK3358699, a mononuclear myeloid-targeted bromodomain and extra-terminal domain inhibitor.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Trial
- Eyes Toward the Clinic: Selective Inhibition and Degradation Approaches to Bromodomain-Containing Proteins.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Review
- Phase 1b study of ABBV-744, a novel, selective BET inhibitor, as monotherapy for patients with myelofibrosis.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Kaixuan Qibi granules attenuate myocardial fibrosis through BRD4 blockade regulated by the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2026Article
- Transcriptional regulators predicted to drive macrophage dysregulation during impaired wound healing in diabetic mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- FXR and BET signaling orchestrate to protect β cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- BET inhibitors in cardiovascular diseases: from atherosclerosis to heart failure.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Review
- Interaction of coronavirus E protein with BRD2 plays important regulatory roles in viral replication and induction of pro-inflammatory response.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Development of cell-active BRD4-D1 selective inhibitors to decode the role of BET proteins in LPS-mediated liver inflammation.European journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- BRD2 bridges TFIID and MOF-H4K16ac-containing nucleosomes to promote transcriptional initiation.Molecular cell · 2026Article
- Decoding Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal Domain Protein-Mediated Epigenetic Mechanisms in Human Uterine Fibroids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Current Status and Future Perspectives of Betaine and Betaine-Based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: A Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Overcoming BET-inhibitor JQ1 resistance in aggressive non-small cell lung cancer by inducing ferroptosis via inhibition of the BRD2-FTH1 axis.The FEBS journal · 2025Article
- BRD4 inhibition leads to MDSC apoptosis and enhances checkpoint blockade therapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Efficacy and Toxicity Analysis of Selective BET Bromodomain Inhibitors in Models of Inflammatory Liver Disease.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Targeting BRD4 to attenuate RANKL-induced osteoclast activation and bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Article
- Targeting BRD4 ameliorates experimental emphysema by disrupting super-enhancer in polarized alveolar macrophage.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Exploring Histone Modifications in Inherited Retinal Disorders.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Bromodomain and extra-terminal proteins in solid tumors: regulators of immune microenvironment and emerging therapeutic targets.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Single-cell multi-omics-based immune temporal network resolution in sepsis: unravelling molecular mechanisms and precise therapeutic targets.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
175 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Histone acetylation regulates activation and repression of multiple inflammatory genes known to play critical roles in chronic inflammatory diseases. However, proteins responsible for translating the histone acetylation code into an orchestrated proinflammatory cytokine response remain poorly characterized. Bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) proteins are "readers" of histone acetylation marks, with demonstrated roles in gene transcription, but the ability of BET proteins to coordinate the response of inflammatory cytokine genes through translation of histone marks is unknown. We hypothesize that members of the BET family of dual bromodomain-containing transcriptional regulators directly control inflammatory genes. We examined the genetic model of brd2 lo mice, a BET protein hypomorph, to show that Brd2 is essential for proinflammatory cytokine production in macrophages. Studies that use small interfering RNA knockdown and a small-molecule inhibitor of BET protein binding, JQ1, independently demonstrate BET proteins are critical for macrophage inflammatory responses. Furthermore, we show that Brd2 and Brd4 physically associate with the promoters of inflammatory cytokine genes in macrophages. This association is absent in the presence of BET inhibition by JQ1. Finally, we demonstrate that JQ1 ablates cytokine production in vitro and blunts the "cytokine storm" in endotoxemic mice by reducing levels of IL-6 and TNF-α while rescuing mice from LPS-induced death. We propose that targeting BET proteins with small-molecule inhibitors will benefit hyperinflammatory conditions associated with high levels of cytokine production.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.