ArticleThe American journal of pathology2013
Warfarin accelerates ectopic mineralization in Abcc6(-/-) mice: clinical relevance to pseudoxanthoma elasticum.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03813550 (Intestinal Microbiota and Vitamin K Levels in PXE Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Intestinal Microbiota and Vitamin K Levels in PXE Patients (IMPROVE Study)
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of rivaroxaban compared to vitamin K antagonist treatment upon development of cardiovascular calcification in patients with atrial fibrillation and/or pulmonary embolism.Clinical cardiology · 2022Trial
- [Angioid Streaks are not a diagnosis: why diagnostic evaluation must go beyond lesion description].Die Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- [Pseudoxanthoma elasticum-Novel therapeutic approaches on the horizon?]Die Ophthalmologie · 2025Review
- Pseudoxanthoma elasticum - Genetics, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2024Review
- The Purinergic Nature of Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum.Biology · 2024Review
- The Abcc6a Knockout Zebrafish Model as a Novel Tool for Drug Screening for Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Review
- Minimally invasive surgical aortic valve replacement in setting of pseudoxanthoma elasticum.JTCVS techniques · 2021Article
- Disruption of Abcc6 Transporter in Zebrafish Causes Ocular Calcification and Cardiac Fibrosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- The Role of Vitamin K and Its Related Compounds in Mendelian and Acquired Ectopic Mineralization Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- PXE, a Mysterious Inborn Error Clarified.Trends in biochemical sciences · 2019Review
- Etidronate prevents, but does not reverse, ectopic mineralization in a mouse model of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (Oncotarget · 2018Article
- Ectopic mineralization disorders of the extracellular matrix of connective tissue: molecular genetics and pathomechanisms of aberrant calcification.Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2014Review
- Atorvastatin counteracts aberrant soft tissue mineralization in a mouse model of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (Abcc6⁻/⁻).Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2013Article
- Mineralization/anti-mineralization networks in the skin and vascular connective tissues.The American journal of pathology · 2013Review
- The vascular phenotype in Pseudoxanthoma elasticum and related disorders: contribution of a genetic disease to the understanding of vascular calcification.Frontiers in genetics · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a multisystem ectopic mineralization disorder caused by mutations in the ABCC6 gene. Warfarin, a commonly used anticoagulant, is associated with increased mineralization of the arterial blood vessels and cardiac valves. We hypothesized that warfarin may accelerate ectopic tissue mineralization in PXE, with clinical consequences. To test this hypothesis, we developed a model in which Abcc6(-/-) mice, which recapitulate features of PXE, were fed a diet supplemented with warfarin and vitamin K1. Warfarin action was confirmed by significantly increased serum levels of oxidized vitamin K. For mice placed on a warfarin-containing diet, quantitative chemical and morphometric analyses revealed massive accumulation of mineral deposits in a number of tissues. Mice fed a warfarin-containing diet were also shown to have abundant uncarboxylated form of matrix Gla protein, which allowed progressive tissue mineralization to ensue. To explore the clinical relevance of these findings, 1747 patients with PXE from the approximately 4000 patients in the PXE International database were surveyed about the use of warfarin. Of the 539 respondents, 2.6% reported past or present use of warfarin. Based on the prevalence of PXE (approximately 1:50,000), thousands of patients with PXE worldwide may be at risk for worsening of PXE as a result of warfarin therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.