ArticleJournal of psychiatric research2013
Association of elevated cytokines with childhood adversity in a sample of healthy adults.
Article in Journal of psychiatric research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association of child maltreatment and systemic inflammation in adulthood: A systematic review.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Childhood trauma and adulthood inflammation: a meta-analysis of peripheral C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α.Molecular psychiatry · 2016Pooled it
- Positive association between sex hormones and inflammatory cytokines in trauma-exposed premenopausal women.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Cytokines in First-Episode Psychosis: Implications for Pathophysiology: A Narrative Literature Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Maternal adversity and peripheral proinflammatory cytokine concentrations in pregnancy.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Impact of adverse postnatal environment on emotional regulation and neuroimmune function in adolescent rats prenatally exposed to alcohol.Neurobiology of stress · 2026Article
- Inflammatory reactivity is unrelated to childhood adversity or provoked modulation of nociception.Pain · 2025Article
- Stressful life events across the lifespan and inflammation: An integrative data analysis.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Inflammatory burden of adolescents with childhood maltreatment: results from baseline data of a school cohort.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Article
- Long-Term Impact of Childhood Adversity on the Gut Microbiome of Nursing Students.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Environment and systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases: an overview and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The impact of forced displacement: trauma, increased levels of inflammation and early presentation of diabetes in women Syrian refugees.Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Maternal adverse childhood experiences impact fetal adrenal volume in a sex-specific manner.Biology of sex differences · 2023Article
- The link between post-traumatic stress disorder and systemic lupus erythematosus.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2023Review
- Understanding the Concept of Pre-Clinical Autoimmunity: Prediction and Prevention of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Identifying Risk Factors and Developing Strategies Against Disease Development.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Psychoneuroimmunology: The new frontier in suicide research.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Applications of psychoneuroimmunology models of toxic stress in prevention and intervention efforts across early development.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Linking stressful life events and chronic inflammation using suPAR (soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor).Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Article
- The Role of Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveChildhood trauma has been associated adult stress-related disorders. However, little is known about physiologic alterations in adults with a history of early life trauma that do not have current psychiatric or medical diagnoses. In this study, the relationships between childhood adversity and cytokine and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in healthy adults were examined.
methodParticipants included men (n = 18) and women (n = 20) who did not meet DSM-IV criteria for Axis I psychiatric disorders or any major medical illness. Cytokine and CRP levels were obtained from baseline blood samples. Subjects completed the Early Trauma Inventory Self Report (ETI-SR). The primary outcomes included serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL1-β), and CRP levels. In addition, the mean numbers of traumatic experiences (sexual, physical, emotional, general, and the summed total) were measured.
resultsSignificant positive associations were found between the total ETI score and IL-6 (p = 0.05), IL1-β (p < 0.05), and TNF-α (p = 0.01). Significant positive correlations were found between the number of general traumas and IL1-β (p < 0.05), TNF-α (p < 0.05), and IL-6 (p < 0.01). Neither the total number of traumas nor any of the trauma subscales were significantly associated with CRP levels.
conclusionsThe positive association between childhood trauma and basal cytokine levels supports the extant literature demonstrating the long-term impact of childhood trauma and stress on homeostatic systems. Importantly, this association was found in healthy adults, suggesting that these alterations may precede the development of significant stress-related psychiatric disorder or disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.