ArticleFrontiers in immunology2013
The astonishing diversity of Ig classes and B cell repertoires in teleost fish.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 198 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Genomics-Guided Epitope Prioritization and in Silico Design of a Multi-Epitope DNA Vaccine Candidate Against Megalocytivirus pagrus 1.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Immunoglobulin heavy chain locus duplication in bats.Science advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Characterization of B Cell Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Affected by Red Mark Syndrome.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Divergent B-cell repertoire remodelling by mRNA, DNA and live attenuated vaccines in fish.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- IgT and IgD dominance in the teleost central nervous system.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Diverse Epithelial Lymphocytes in Zebrafish Revealed Using a Novel Scale Biopsy Method.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- The potential of zebrafish as drug discovery research tool in immune-mediated inflammatory disease.Inflammopharmacology · 2024Review
- Systematic characterization of immunoglobulin loci and deep sequencing of the expressed repertoire in the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua).BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Dynamic Changes in Lymphocyte Populations Establish Zebrafish as a Thymic Involution Model.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Comparative analysis of the immune responses of CcIgZ3 in mucosal tissues and the co-expression of CcIgZ3 and PCNA in the gills of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in response to TNP-LPS.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Transcriptionally distinct B cell profiles in systemic immune tissues and peritoneal cavity of Atlantic salmon (Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Effects of Fishmeal Substitution with Mealworm Meals (Aquaculture nutrition · 2024Article
- Constitutively active CaMKII Drives B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma in tp53 mutant zebrafish.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Evolution of the Immunoglobulin Isotypes-Variations of Biophysical Properties among Animal Classes.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- 450 million years in the making: mapping the evolutionary foundations of germinal centers.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Expression analysis of Igs and mucosal immune responses upon SVCV infection in common carp (Fish and shellfish immunology reports · 2022Article
- An Update on the Evolutionary History of Bregs.Genes · 2022Review
- Review
- Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Regulated Expression Profiles inFrontiers in genetics · 2022Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
With lymphoid tissue anatomy different than mammals, and diverse adaptations to all aquatic environments, fish constitute a fascinating group of vertebrate to study the biology of B cell repertoires in a comparative perspective. Fish B lymphocytes express immunoglobulin (Ig) on their surface and secrete antigen-specific antibodies in response to immune challenges. Three antibody classes have been identified in fish, namely IgM, IgD, and IgT, while IgG, IgA, and IgE are absent. IgM and IgD have been found in all fish species analyzed, and thus seem to be primordial antibody classes. IgM and IgD are normally co-expressed from the same mRNA through alternative splicing, as in mammals. Tetrameric IgM is the main antibody class found in serum. Some species of fish also have IgT, which seems to exist only in fish and is specialized in mucosal immunity. IgM/IgD and IgT are expressed by two different sub-populations of B cells. The tools available to investigate B cell responses at the cellular level in fish are limited, but the progress of fish genomics has started to unravel a rich diversity of IgH and immunoglobulin light chain locus organization, which might be related to the succession of genome remodelings that occurred during fish evolution. Moreover, the development of deep sequencing techniques has allowed the investigation of the global features of the expressed fish B cell repertoires in zebrafish and rainbow trout, in steady state or after infection. This review provides a description of the organization of fish Ig loci, with a particular emphasis on their heterogeneity between species, and presents recent data on the structure of the expressed Ig repertoire in healthy and infected fish.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.