ArticleJournal of innate immunity2013
The antimicrobial peptide LL-37 alters human osteoblast Ca2+ handling and induces Ca2+-independent apoptosis.
Article in Journal of innate immunity, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Apoptosis Modulation by LL-37: From Mitochondrial Cell Death to Prosurvival Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 increases rhinovirus-induced interferon β expression in human airway epithelial cells through a CaBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- Human antimicrobial/host defense peptide LL-37 may prevent the spread of a local infection through multiple mechanisms: an update.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- Vitamin D-inducible antimicrobial peptide LL-37 binds SARS-CoV-2 Spike and accessory proteins ORF7a and ORF8.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- The Variability of the Salivary Antimicrobial Peptide Profile: Impact of Lifestyle.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Apoptosis and eryptosis: similarities and differences.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2024Review
- Article
- Overview of signal transduction between LL37 and bone marrow-derived MSCs.Journal of molecular histology · 2022Review
- Potassium and Calcium Channel Complexes as Novel Targets for Cancer Research.Reviews of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology · 2022Article
- Old Polyanionic Drug Suramin Suppresses Detrimental Cytotoxicity of the Host Defense Peptide LL-37.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2021Article
- Immunomodulatory Role of the Antimicrobial LL-37 Peptide in Autoimmune Diseases and Viral Infections.Vaccines · 2020Review
- The Dual Role of Antimicrobial Peptides in Autoimmunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Cathelicidin LL-37: A new important molecule in the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2020Review
- Article
- The Human Salivary Antimicrobial Peptide Profile according to the Oral Microbiota in Health, Periodontitis and Smoking.Journal of innate immunity · 2019Article
- Article
- Human host defence peptide LL37 and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody in early inflammatory arthritis.RMD open · 2019Article
- Probing the disparate effects of arginine and lysine residues on antimicrobial peptide/bilayer association.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes · 2017Article
- Why are Functional Amyloids Non-Toxic in Humans?Biomolecules · 2017Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin LL-37 has, besides its antimicrobial properties, also been shown to regulate apoptosis in a cell type-specific manner. Mechanisms involved in LL-37-regulated apoptotic signaling are not identified. Here, we show that LL-37 reduces the human osteoblast-like MG63 cell number and cell viability in the micromolar concentration range with an IC50 value of about 5 µM. Treatment with 4 µM LL-37 increased the number of annexin V-positive cells and stimulated activation of caspase 3 showing that LL-37 promotes apoptosis. Treatment with 4 µM LL-37 caused an acute and sustained rise in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration assessed by laser-scanning confocal microscopy of Fluo-4-AM-loaded MG63 cells. LL-37 increased Ca(2+) also in the presence of the respective L- and T-type voltage-sensitive Ca(2+) channel blockers nifedipine and NiCl2. LL-37 had no effect on Ca(2+) in cells incubated with Ca(2+)-free solution. LL-37 (4 and 8 µM) reduced the MG63 cell number both in the presence and absence of Ca(2+) in the medium. In conclusion, LL-37 reduces the osteoblast cell number by promoting apoptosis, and furthermore, LL-37 stimulates Ca(2+) inflow via a mechanism independent of voltage-sensitive Ca(2+) channels. Interestingly, LL-37-induced lowering of the cell number seems to be mediated via a mechanism independent of Ca(2+).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.