ArticlePloS one2013
Gender disparities in the presentation, management and outcomes of acute coronary syndrome patients: data from the 2nd Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events (Gulf RACE-2).
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gender Differences in Treatment Delays, Management and Mortality among Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Current cardiology reviews · 2023Pooled it
- A Narrative Review and Expert Panel Recommendations on Dyslipidaemia Management After Acute Coronary Syndrome in Countries Outside Western Europe and North America.Advances in therapy · 2020Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Demographics, Risk Factors, Presentation, and Noninvasive Testing in Stable Outpatients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease: Insights From the PROMISE Trial.JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · 2016Trial
- Gender-based differences among ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients in Egypt: secondary analysis from the ACCA-EAPCI ESC-STEMI registry.The Egyptian heart journal : (EHJ) : official bulletin of the Egyptian Society of Cardiology · 2025Article
- Serum uric acid and coronary artery disease risk: a 10-year prospective cohort study in healthy adults.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Observational
- Prognostic value of HALP score in predicting in-hospital mortality in patients with NSTEMI.Biomarkers in medicine · 2025Article
- Temporal trends and prognostic impact of reperfusion modalities in Tunisian patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: A 20-year analysis.La Tunisie medicale · 2024Article
- Acute coronary syndrome and its treatment outcomes in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2023Review
- Sex Differences in Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Global Perspective.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2022Review
- Article
- Prevalence of atherosclerosis risk factors in Egyptian patients with acute coronary syndrome: final data of the nationwide cross-sectional 'CardioRisk' project.Journal of public health in Africa · 2020Article
- Age-Related Sex Differences in Clinical Presentation, Management, and Outcomes in ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Pooled Analysis of 15 532 Patients From 7 Arabian Gulf Registries.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Observational
- Sex Difference in Risk Factors, GRACE Scores, and Management among Post-Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in Sri Lanka.Cardiology research and practice · 2020Article
- Observational
- Baseline characteristics, management practices, and long-term outcomes among patients with first presentation acute myocardial infarction in the Second Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events (Gulf RACE-II).Journal of the Saudi Heart Association · 2018Article
- Utility of Imaging in Risk Stratification of Chest Pain in Women.Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine · 2017Review
- The ticking time bomb in lifestyle-related diseases among women in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries; review of systematic reviews.BMC public health · 2017Review
- Statin Adherence: Does Gender Matter?Current atherosclerosis reports · 2016Review
- Time-To-Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome and Unit of First Contact in the ERICO Study.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2016Observational
- Acute coronary syndromes in women and men.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGender-related differences in mortality of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have been reported. The extent and causes of these differences in the Middle-East are poorly understood. We studied to what extent difference in outcome, specifically 1-year mortality are attributable to demographic, baseline clinical differences at presentation, and management differences between female and male patients. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsBaseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year mortality of 7390 ACS patients in 65 hospitals in 6 Arabian Gulf countries were evaluated during 2008-2009, as part of the 2nd Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events (Gulf RACE-2). Women were older (61.3±11.8 vs. 55.6±12.4; P<0.001), more overweight (BMI: 28.1±6.6 vs. 26.7±5.1; P<0.001), and more likely to have a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia or diabetes. Fewer women than men received angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE), aspirin, clopidogrel, beta blockers or statins at discharge. They also underwent fewer invasive procedures including angiography (27.0% vs. 34.0%; P<0.001), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (10.5% vs. 15.6%; P<0.001) and reperfusion therapy (6.9% vs. 20.2%; P<0.001) than men. Women were at higher unadjusted risk for in-hospital death (6.8% vs. 4.0%, P<0.001) and heart failure (HF) (18% vs. 11.8%, P<0.001). Both 1-month and 1-year mortality rates were higher in women than men (11% vs. 7.4% and 17.3% vs. 11.4%, respectively, P<0.001). Both baseline and management differences contributed to a worse outcome in women. Together these variables explained almost all mortality disparities. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Differences between genders in mortality appeared to be largely explained by differences in prognostic variables and management patterns. However, the origin of the latter differences need further study.
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