ArticleFrontiers in neurology2012
Central pattern generator for locomotion: anatomical, physiological, and pathophysiological considerations.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 238 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Pragmatic Review on Spinal Cord Stimulation Therapy for Parkinson's Disease Gait Related Disorders: Gaps and Controversies.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of gait training with weight support feedback walker on walker dependence, lower limb muscle activation, and gait ability in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury: A pilot randomized controlled trial.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2025Trial
- Familiarization with treadmill walking: How much is enough?Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Measurement of Cognitive and Kinematic Adaptation in Exoskeleton-Assisted Locomotion: Validation of an XR-Based Framework.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- NEURONpyxl: fast, flexible, Python-integrated simulation of biophysical neural networks with complex plastic synapses.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal localization of sex difference in plantar pressure distribution during self paced walking in healthy Japanese adults.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Quadrupedal training approaches in post-stroke rehabilitation: a scoping review of evidence, mechanisms, and clinical applications.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2026Review
- Evolution of pre- and post-operative balance characteristics in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: implications for rehabilitation.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- KCC2 enhancers normalize reflex responses and improve locomotor function after chronic spinal cord injury.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- A galanin-positive population of lumbar spinal cord neurons modulates sexual arousal and copulatory behavior in male mice.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Decoupling of motor cortex to movement in Parkinson's dyskinesia rescued by sub-anaesthetic ketamine.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: Neurophysiology Processes of Bilateral Movement Training and Interlimb Coupling-A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Feasibility and safety of automated multi-channel FES-assisted gait training in incomplete spinal cord injury.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2025Article
- Stochastic galvanic vestibular stimulation improves kinetic performance in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis during obstacle negotiation.Experimental brain research · 2025Article
- Positional Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Periodic Limb Movements During Sleep: A Large Multicenter Study.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2024Article
- Mobile neuroimaging: What we have learned about the neural control of human walking, with an emphasis on EEG-based research.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024Review
- STEERING FROM THE REAR: COORDINATION OF CENTRAL PATTERN GENERATORS UNDERLYING NAVIGATION BY ASCENDING INTERNEURONS.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Efficacy of a Single-Bout of Auditory Feedback Training on Gait Performance and Kinematics in Healthy Young Adults.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This article provides a perspective on major innovations over the past century in research on the spinal cord and, specifically, on specialized spinal circuits involved in the control of rhythmic locomotor pattern generation and modulation. Pioneers such as Charles Sherrington and Thomas Graham Brown have conducted experiments in the early twentieth century that changed our views of the neural control of locomotion. Their seminal work supported subsequently by several decades of evidence has led to the conclusion that walking, flying, and swimming are largely controlled by a network of spinal neurons generally referred to as the central pattern generator (CPG) for locomotion. It has been subsequently demonstrated across all vertebrate species examined, from lampreys to humans, that this CPG is capable, under some conditions, to self-produce, even in absence of descending or peripheral inputs, basic rhythmic, and coordinated locomotor movements. Recent evidence suggests, in turn, that plasticity changes of some CPG elements may contribute to the development of specific pathophysiological conditions associated with impaired locomotion or spontaneous locomotor-like movements. This article constitutes a comprehensive review summarizing key findings on the CPG as well as on its potential role in Restless Leg Syndrome, Periodic Leg Movement, and Alternating Leg Muscle Activation. Special attention will be paid to the role of the CPG in a recently identified, and uniquely different neurological disorder, called the Uner Tan Syndrome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.