ArticleEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM2013
Relationship between Biomechanical Characteristics of Spinal Manipulation and Neural Responses in an Animal Model: Effect of Linear Control of Thrust Displacement versus Force, Thrust Amplitude, Thrust Duration, and Thrust Rate.
Article in Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed.
- A randomized controlled trial comparing different sites of high-velocity low amplitude thrust on sensorimotor integration parameters.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Neuromechanical response to spinal manipulation therapy: effects of a constant rate of force application.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Immediate changes after manual therapy in resting-state functional connectivity as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging in participants with induced low back pain.Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeuticsTrial
- Technologies to investigate the mechanisms of force-based manipulations: a narrative methods review.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Kinematic and mechanical assessment of seated lumbar rotation manipulation: force, velocity and orientation in three dimensions.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Variability and repeatability of spinal manipulation force-time characteristics in thoracic spinal manipulation on a manikin.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2024Article
- Neuroplastic Responses to Chiropractic Care: Broad Impacts on Pain, Mood, Sleep, and Quality of Life.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Investigating force-time characteristics of prone thoracic SMT and self-reported patient outcome measures: a feasibility study.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2023Article
- Measurement of Force and Intramuscular Pressure Changes Related to Thrust Spinal Manipulation in an In Vivo Animal Model.Biology · 2022Article
- In vivo measurement of intradiscal pressure changes related to thrust and non-thrust spinal manipulation in an animal model: a pilot study.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2022Article
- Article
- The contemporary model of vertebral column joint dysfunction and impact of high-velocity, low-amplitude controlled vertebral thrusts on neuromuscular function.European journal of applied physiology · 2021Review
- Influence of Intervertebral Fixation and Segmental Thrust Level on Immediate Post-Spinal Manipulation Trunk Muscle Spindle Response in an Animal Model.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Effects of Thrust Magnitude and Duration on Immediate Postspinal Manipulation Trunk Muscle Spindle Responses.Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics · 2021Article
- Force Distribution Within Spinal Tissues During Posterior to Anterior Spinal Manipulative Therapy: A Secondary Analysis.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2021Article
- Differences in force-time parameters and electromyographic characteristics of two high-velocity, low-amplitude spinal manipulations following one another in quick succession.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2020Article
- Assessing forces during spinal manipulation and mobilization: factors influencing the difference between forces at the patient-table and clinician-patient interfaces.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2020Article
- High-velocity, low-amplitude spinal manipulation training of prescribed forces and thrust duration: A pilot study.The Journal of chiropractic education · 2020Article
- Spinal manipulation frequency and dosage effects on clinical and physiological outcomes: a scoping review.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
High velocity low amplitude spinal manipulation (HVLA-SM) is used frequently to treat musculoskeletal complaints. Little is known about the intervention's biomechanical characteristics that determine its clinical benefit. Using an animal preparation, we determined how neural activity from lumbar muscle spindles during a lumbar HVLA-SM is affected by the type of thrust control and by the thrust's amplitude, duration, and rate. A mechanical device was used to apply a linear increase in thrust displacement or force and to control thrust duration. Under displacement control, neural responses during the HVLA-SM increased in a fashion graded with thrust amplitude. Under force control neural responses were similar regardless of the thrust amplitude. Decreasing thrust durations at all thrust amplitudes except the smallest thrust displacement had an overall significant effect on increasing muscle spindle activity during the HVLA-SMs. Under force control, spindle responses specifically and significantly increased between thrust durations of 75 and 150 ms suggesting the presence of a threshold value. Thrust velocities greater than 20-30 mm/s and thrust rates greater than 300 N/s tended to maximize the spindle responses. This study provides a basis for considering biomechanical characteristics of an HVLA-SM that should be measured and reported in clinical efficacy studies to help define effective clinical dosages.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.