ArticleCirculation2013
Macrophage gene expression and foam cell formation are regulated by plasminogen.
Article in Circulation, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic variants in PLG, LPA, and SIGLEC 14 as well as smoking contribute to plasma plasminogen levels.Blood · 2014Pooled it
- Bambi/Akt/Tlr4 axis protects against atherosclerosis by maintaining lipid metabolism homeostasis in macrophages.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- A Novel Macrophage Subpopulation Conveys Increased Genetic Risk of Coronary Artery Disease.Circulation research · 2024Article
- Decoding Functional High-Density Lipoprotein Particle Surfaceome Interactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Targeted Suppression of miRNA-33 Using pHLIP Improves Atherosclerosis Regression.Circulation research · 2022Article
- Histone 2B Facilitates Plasminogen-Enhanced Endothelial Migration through Protease-Activated Receptor 1 (PAR1) and Protease-Activated Receptor 2 (PAR2).Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Plasminogen Deficiency Significantly Reduces Vascular Wall Disease in a Murine Model of Type IIa Hypercholesterolemia.Biomedicines · 2021Article
- S-1-Propenylcysteine promotes IL-10-induced M2c macrophage polarization through prolonged activation of IL-10R/STAT3 signaling.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway Attenuates the Development of Atherosclerosis inBiomedicines · 2021Article
- 12-Hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid inhibits foam cell formation and ameliorates high-fat diet-induced pathology of atherosclerosis in mice.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Fibrinolysis: A Primordial System Linked to the Immune Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Disease, with Emphasis on Hypertension, Atherosclerosis, and Heart Failure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- A critical role for plasminogen in inflammation.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2020Review
- Role of pyruvate kinase M2 in oxidized LDL-induced macrophage foam cell formation and inflammation.Journal of lipid research · 2020Article
- Review
- αJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
- Genetic and Pharmacologic Inhibition of the Neutrophil Elastase Inhibits Experimental Atherosclerosis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2018Article
- Age-related diagnostic value of D-dimer testing and the role of inflammation in patients with suspected deep vein thrombosis.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Nkx2-5 Is Expressed in Atherosclerotic Plaques and Attenuates Development of Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2016Article
- Vitamin D Protects Against Atherosclerosis via Regulation of Cholesterol Efflux and Macrophage Polarization in Hypercholesterolemic Swine.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDeciphering the molecular and cellular processes that govern macrophage foam cell formation is critical to understanding the basic mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis and other vascular pathologies. METHODS AND
resultsHere, we identify a pivotal role of plasminogen (Plg) in regulating foam cell formation. Deficiency of Plg inhibited macrophage cholesterol accumulation on exposure to hyperlipidemic conditions in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. Gene expression analysis identified CD36 as a regulated target of Plg, and macrophages from Plg(-/-) mice had decreased CD36 expression and diminished foam cell formation. The Plg-dependent CD36 expression and foam cell formation depended on conversion of Plg to plasmin, binding to the macrophage surface, and the consequent intracellular signaling that leads to production of leukotriene B4. Leukotriene B4 rescued the suppression of CD36 expression and foam cell formation arising from Plg deficiency.
conclusionsOur findings demonstrate an unanticipated role of Plg in the regulation of gene expression and cholesterol metabolism by macrophages and identify Plg-mediated regulation of leukotriene B4 as an underlying mechanism.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.