Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23400698›Full record

ArticleBrain structure & function2014

Differential regulation of parvalbumin and calretinin interneurons in the prefrontal cortex during adolescence.

Adriana Caballero, Eden Flores-Barrera, Daryn K Cass, Kuei Y Tseng

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain structure & function, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
107citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

107 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 182 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Parvalbumin interneurons under stress: converging mechanisms of vulnerability.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. The Development of Neural Inhibition across Species: Insights from the Hurst Exponent.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Developmental changes in brain-wide fear memory networks.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Adriana CaballeroDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Rd, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.
Eden Flores-Barrera
Daryn K Cass
Kuei Y Tseng
Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science · US

Funding

Monoaminergic regulation of prefrontal cortex inhibition during adolescenceR01MH086507 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI Kuei-Yuan Tseng · 2010 to 2026
$5.7M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH086507NIMH NIH HHS R01-MH086507
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Determining the normal developmental trajectory of individual GABAergic components in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during the adolescent transition period is critical because local GABAergic interneurons are thought to play an important role in the functional maturation of cognitive control that occurs in this developmental window. Based on the expression of calcium-binding proteins, three distinctive subtypes of interneurons have been identified in the PFC: parvalbumin (PV)-, calretinin (CR)-, and calbindin (CB)-positive cells. Using biochemical and histochemical measures, we found that the protein level of PV is lowest in juveniles [postnatal days (PD) 25-35] and increases during adolescence (PD 45-55) to levels similar to those observed in adulthood (PD 65-75). In contrast, the protein expression of CR is reduced in adults compared to juvenile and adolescent animals, whereas CB levels remain mostly unchanged across the developmental window studied here. Semi-quantitative immunostaining analyses revealed that the periadolescent upregulation of PV and the loss of the CR signal appear to be attributable to changes in PV- and CR-positive innervation, which are dissociable from the trajectory of PV- and CR-positive cell number. At the synaptic level, our electrophysiological data revealed that a developmental facilitation of spontaneous glutamatergic synaptic inputs onto PV-positive/fast-spiking interneurons parallels the increase in prefrontal PV signal during the periadolescent transition. In contrast, no age-dependent changes in glutamatergic transmission were observed in PV-negative/non fast-spiking interneurons. Together, these findings emphasize that GABAergic inhibitory interneurons in the PFC undergo a dynamic, cell type-specific remodeling during adolescence and provide a developmental framework for understanding alterations in GABAergic circuits that occur in psychiatric disorders.

Indexed as

Age FactorsAnimalsAnimals, NewbornBiotinCalbindin 2CalbindinsCell CountGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalHumansInterneuronsIn Vitro TechniquesMaleParvalbuminsPatch-Clamp TechniquesPrefrontal CortexRatsBiotinCalbindin 2CalbindinsneurobiotinParvalbumins

Identifiers

PMID23400698
PMCPMC3665762
OpenAlexW2139620666

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.