ArticleLipids in health and disease2013
Modulating the inflammatory properties of activated microglia with Docosahexaenoic acid and Aspirin.
Article in Lipids in health and disease, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- An update on the efficacy of anti-inflammatory agents for patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis.Psychological medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Efficacy of anti-inflammatory agents to improve symptoms in patients with schizophrenia: an update.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2014Pooled it
- The Emerging Parkinson's Disease Oxylipin-Ome.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Up-regulation of miR-548 m Leading to Neuroinflammation to Promote the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Photoreceptor outer segments promote the accumulation of lipid droplets in microglia by reprogramming lipid metabolism.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- Aspirin inhibits proteasomal degradation and promotes α-synuclein aggregate clearance through K63 ubiquitination.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Multi-omics dissection of metabolic dysregulation associated with immune recovery in people living with HIV-1.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Microglia and microbiome in schizophrenia: can immunomodulation improve symptoms?Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2023Review
- Review
- Involvement of Microglia in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Beneficial Effects of Docosahexahenoic Acid (DHA) Supplied by Food or Combined with Nanoparticles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Dietary Fish Hydrolysate Improves Memory Performance Through Microglial Signature Remodeling During Aging.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Article
- Microglial Function in the Effects of Early-Life Stress on Brain and Behavioral Development.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Protective effect of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition in Retinal Vasculopathy associated with Polycystic Kidney Disease.Theranostics · 2020Article
- Co-administration of aspirin and adipose-derived stem cell conditioned medium improves the functional recovery of the optic pathway in a lysolecithin-induced demyelination model.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2019Article
- Traumatic brain injury induces long-lasting changes in immune and regenerative signaling.PloS one · 2019Article
- N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Resolution of Neuroinflammation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Review
- Review
- Effects of Low Phytanic Acid-Concentrated DHA on Activated Microglial Cells: Comparison with a Standard Phytanic Acid-Concentrated DHA.Neuromolecular medicine · 2018Article
- Food for Mood: Relevance of Nutritional Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Depression and Anxiety.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMicroglia are considered the "resident macrophages" of the brain. When in their resting state, microglia perform routine maintenance and immune surveillance. Once activated, either by injury or an immune stimulus, microglia secrete a variety of pro-inflammatory molecules, such as Nitric Oxide, superoxide, and inflammatory cytokines. Up-regulation of pro-inflammatory molecules is transient, and does not cause neurodegeneration. However, if up-regulation lasts for an extended period of time, neurodegeneration ensues.Many neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation due to microglial activation. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) have been proposed as possible preventative treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, due to their anti-inflammatory properties. Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) that has potent anti-inflammatory properties.This research work sought to elucidate whether microglial activation can be modulated by combining Aspirin, a classical NSAID, with Docosahexaenoic Acid, a natural anti-inflammatory agent. The combined ability of Aspirin and DHA to modulate microglial activation was determined in the context of pro-inflammatory cytokines, Nitric Oxide levels, as well as total Glutathione levels.
resultsDocosahexaenoic Acid increased total Glutathione levels in microglia cells and enhanced their anti-oxidative capacity. It reduced production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 induced through TLR-3 and TLR-4 activation. Furthermore, it reduced production of Nitric Oxide. Aspirin showed similar anti-inflammatory effects with respect to TNF-α during TLR-3 and TLR-7 stimulation. Aspirin did not show any redection in terms of Nitric Oxide production. Combination of Aspirin and Docosahexaenoic Acid showed augmentation in total Glutathione production during TLR-7 stimulation as well as a reduction in IL-6, TNF-α and Nitric Oxide.
conclusionsCollectively, these findings highlight the combination of Docosahexaenoic Acid and Aspirin as a possible measure against inflammation of the nervous system, thus leading to protection against neurodegenerative diseases with an inflammatory etiology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.